616 ARBORETUM ET FllUTICETUM BR1TANNICUM. 



Synonyme. Faccinium sp. of Lin. and others. 



Derivation. From oxus, sharp, and kokkos, a berry ; in reference to the sharp acid taste of the 

 berries. 



Gen. Char. Calyx 4-toothed. Corolla 4-parted, with nearly linear revolute 

 segments. Stamens 8, with connivent filaments. Anthers tubular, 2-parted. 

 Berries many-seeded. (Don's Mill.) 



Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, sub-evergreen ; small. Flowers pro- 

 duced at the base of the spring branchlets, in short gemmaceous racemes ; 

 pedicels filiform, conspicuously bibracteate. Berries red, rarely white, acid. 

 Shrubs, small, prostrate, creeping, growing in sphagnous morasses. Natives 

 of Europe and North America. 



-u. 1. O. PALU'STRIS Pers. The Marsh, or common, Cranberry. 



Identification. Pers. Ench., 1. p. 419. ; Don's Mill., 3 p. 858. 



lonymes. O. vulgaris Pursh Sept. 1. p. 263., O. europa; v us Nutt. Gen. Amer. 1. p. 251.; Fac- 

 cfnium Oxyc6ccus Lin. Sp. 500. ; Faccinium Oxycuccus var. at ovalifolius Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 

 1. p. 228. ; Faccinia palustris Ger. Emac. 1419.; Oxycoccum Cord. Hist. 140. 2. f. 1. ; Moss- 

 berries, Moorberries, Fenberries, Marshworts, or Whortleberries, Cornberries, Eng. ; Airelle 

 canneberge, Fr. ; gemeine Moosebeere, Ger. 



Derivation. The name of Cranberry is supposed to be given from the peduncles of the flowers being 

 crooked at the top, and, before the expansion of the flowers, resembling the head and neck of a 

 crane (Smith and Withering) ; or because they are much eaten by cranes. 



Engravings. Fl. Dan., t. 80. ; Eng. Bot., t. 319. ; and our fig. 1195. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Stems filiform, trailing. Leaves small, ovate, entire, acute, 

 smooth, with revolute margins. Pedicels terminal, 1-flowered, of a delicate 

 pink or rose colour. Segments of corolla oval. Leaves convex, and dark 

 shining green above, and glaucous beneath. Stems reddish. Pedicels 

 few together, about the tops of the branches, red, slightly hoary. Corolla 

 pink, with reflexed oblong segments. Stamens with purple downy filaments, 

 and yellow anthers. Berries pear-shaped, globular, often spotted, crimson, 

 of a peculiar flavour, with a strong acidity, grateful. (Don's Mill.) A low, 

 trailing, sub-evergreen shrub. Europe, Siberia, and North America, in turfy 

 mossy bogs on the mountains. Height 3 in. to 6 in. Flowers pink ; May 

 and June. Fruit crimson ; September, remaining on during the winter. 



The plant is readily increased by laying 

 sandy soil on its shoots, at the distance of 

 5 or 6 inches from its main stem, when it 

 will send down roots abundantly. When it 

 is to be grown for its fruit, a bed of peat 

 soil should be prepared in an open airy situ- 

 ation, where it can be kept moist ; or the 

 margin of a pond may be made choice of, 

 and the plants planted there in peat soil, in 

 a bed encircling the pond, 1 or 2 inches ^ 

 above the level of the water, and about 1 ft. 

 distant from it. The cranberry may also be 1195. o. palustris. 



grown in beds of dry sandy peat ; and it is 



alleged by some who have tried this method in British gardens, that the fruit 

 produced, though smaller in quantity, is of a better flavour 



^ 2. O. MACROCA'RPUS Pursh. The large-fruited, or American, Cranberry. 



Identification. Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p 263. ; Don's Mill., 3. p. 858. 



Synonymes. Faccinium macrocarpum Ait, Hort. Kew. ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 13. t.7. ; Faccfnium his- 

 pidulum Wangh. Amer. t. 30. f. 67. ; Faccinium Oxycoccus ft oblongifdlius Michx. Fl. Bor. 



Amer. 1 . p. 



Engravings. Dend. Brit, t. 122. ; Bot. Mag., t. 2586.; our fig. 1196., and our fig. 1197. from Bot. 

 Mag. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Stems filiform, trailing. Leaves elliptic-oblong, nearly flat, 

 and obtuse, distantly sub- serrulated on the margins, glaucous beneath, downy 

 at the points when young. Segments of the corolla linear-lanceolate. 

 Flower-bearing branches erect, proliferous. Pedicels lateral. Points of 

 young leaves, peduncles, and the margins of the calyx and bracteas, downy, 

 Berries spherical, red, often remaining throughout the winter. (Don's Mill.} 



