720 



ARBORETUM ET FRUT1CETUM BRITANNICUM. 



1397. V. cftusa. 



with that of U. montana major depicted at 

 the same season. In spring and summer, it 

 is equally marked by the long drooping pe- 

 duncles of its flowers, and its hairy samaras. 

 Its leaves are large, and of a beautiful light 

 shining green tinged with red, and with red 

 veins. The buds are long, sharply pointed, 

 and greenish ; while in the U. campestris they 

 are short, obtuse, and covered with greyish 

 hairs. As a tree of ornament, it is well worth 

 cultivating for the beauty of its leaves, for the 

 distinct character of its spray in winter, and, 

 indeed, for its general appearance at all sea- 

 sons. Propagated by grafting on U. montana. 

 The largest tree of this species in England is 

 at White Knights, in front of the mansion. 



5. U. MONTA V NA Bauh. The Mountain, Scotch, or Wych, Elm. 



Identification. Bauh. Pin., 427- ; Sm. Engl. Bot., t. 1827, 



Synonymes. U. glabra Huds. ed. 1. 95. ; U. effQsa Sibth. 87. ; U. scabra Mill. Diet. No 2. , U. 



nuda Ehrh. ; U. campe"stre Willd. Sp. PI. p. 1324. ; U. campestris latifdlia Hort. Par. ; Wych 



Hazel of old authors. 

 Engravings. Engl. Bot., t. 1887. ; Fl. Dan., t. 632. ; the plates of some of the varieties in Arb. 



Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii. ; and our fig. 1399. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves pointed, rough, broad, and doubly serrated. Flowers 

 on longish peduncles loosely tufted, 5 6-cleft. Samara somewhat orbi- 

 cular, slightly cloven, naked. Branches drooping at their extremities; 

 their bark smooth and even. (Smith.) A spreading deciduous tree, with 

 smooth bark. Britain, and various parts of Europe. Height 50 ft. to 

 60 ft. Flowers reddish ; April and May. Samara brown ; ripe in June. 



Varieties. The varieties of the Scotch elm are extreme!}- distinct, and very 

 handsome trees, some well worth cultivating in a useful, and others in an 

 ornamental, point of view. 



A. Timber Trees. 



% U. m. 1 vulgdris. Tree spreading ; seldom exceeding 40 or 50 feet 

 in height, except when drawn up by other trees. 



U. m. 2 rugbsa Masters. U. rugosa Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836. Bark reddish 

 brown, cracking into short regular pieces, very like that of /4"cer 

 campestre. Tree of spreading growth, and moderate size. 



3 U. m. 3 major Masters. (Plate in Arb. Brit. 1st edit. vol. vii.) The 

 tree is of upright and rapid growth, with few branches ; and, in 

 some stages, approaching the habit of the common Scotch elm, but 

 of a more tapering form. The leaves fall almost a month sooner 

 than those of the following sort. 



If U. m. 4 minor Masters. Compared with U. m. major, is of a more 

 branching and spreading habit, of lower growth, with more twiggy 

 shoots ; and these are more densely clothed with leaves, which are 

 retained long in the autumn. 



*? U. m. 5 cebennensis Hort. The Cevennes Elm. Habit spreading, like 

 that of U. m. vulgaris ; but it appears of much less vigorous growth. 

 Horticultural Society's Garden. 



2 U. m. 6 nigra. U. nigra Lodd. Cat. ; the black Irish Elm. A spreading 

 tree, with the habit of U. montana vulgaris, but with much smaller 

 leaves. It is by some considered as a variety of U. campestris ; but, 

 as it ripens seeds in Ireland, we are inclined to think it belongs to 

 what may be called the seed-bearing section of the genus, and, con- 

 sequently, to U. montana. 



t U. m. 7 austrdlis Hort. Leaves rather smaller, and habit of growth 

 more pendulous than the species. 



