LXVI ULMACEX. I 



7 '21 



B. Ornamental or curious Varieties. 



U. w. 8 pendnla. U. pendula Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836 ; U. glabra decum- 

 bens Hvri. Dur. ; U. horizontalis Hort. ; U. rubra in the Horticul- 

 tural Society's Garden, in 1 835. (Plate of this tree in Arb. Brit., 



V. m. pgndula 



1st edit., vol. vii. ; and our jg. 1398.) This is a beautiful and highly 



characteristic tree, generally growing to one side, spreading its 



branches in a fan-like manner, and stretching them out sometimes 



horizontally, and at other times almost perpendicularly downwards, 



so that the head of the tree exhibits great variety of shape. 



U. m. Qfastigidta Hort. U. glabra replicata Hort. Dur. ; U. Fordzz 



Hort. ; U. exoniensis Hort. ; the Exeter Elm, Ford's Elm. (Plate 



in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii.) A very remarkable variety, with 



peculiarly twisted leaves, and a very fastigiate habit of growth. The 



leaves, which are very harsh, feather-nerved, and retain their deep 



green till they fall off, enfold one side ot the shoots. 



* U. m. 10 ciispa. ? U. crispa Wdld.\ the curled-leaved Elm. Of a 



slender and stunted habit of growth. Horticultural Society's Garden. 



Other Varieties. Several might be taken from catalogues, both timber 



trees and curious plants ; but the former, such as U. montana vegeta Lindl., 



we think may be best classed under U. m. glabra, and the latter are of so 



little merit, that we hardly think them worth recording in this work. A 



variety or variation was discovered in a wood near Verrieres, in which the 



soft wood, or cambium, of the current year's shoots appears of a deep red 



when the bark is removed. It retains this peculiarity when propagated by 



extension ; and there are plants of it in the Jardin des Plantes at Paris. 



A similar variation occurs in .Mbrus italica. (See p. 708.) 



The Scotch elm has not so upright a trunk as the English elm; and it soon 

 divides into long, widely spreading, somewhat drooping branches, forming a 

 large spreading tree. In Scotland, where the tree abounds, both naturally 

 and in artificial plantations, the wood weighs less than that of the English elm, 

 and is more coarse-grained. Nevertheless, Sang observes, it is always prized 

 next to the wood of the oak. It is used, he adds, by the ship-builder, the 



3 A 



