724 



ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 



1401. U. americaiia. 



* 8. U. AMERICA V NA L. The American Elm. 



Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 327. ; Pursh Sept., 1. p. 199. 



Synonymes. The white Elm, Amer. ; the Canadian Elm, the American white Elm. 



Engravings. Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 126. ; and our fig. 1401. 



Spec. Char., $c. Leaf with the petiole 1 in. tol| in. long, and 

 hairy with short hairs ; and the disk unequal at the base, 

 4 in. to 5 in. long, inclusive of a long acuminate point, 2 in. 

 to 2A in. broad, serrate, and mostly doubly so ; the axils 

 of the veins underneath joined by a membrane. Flowers 

 peduncled, effuse, purple ; peduncles short, glabrous. 

 Stamens 5 and 8. Samara fringed at the edge with 

 hairs, ovate, acute. This species is readily distinguish- 

 able from others by the membrane which appears at the 

 axils of the veins. (Willd.) Young branches brown, 

 with short very fine hairs. Leaves deeply green above, 

 almost glossy, rough ; beneath, pale, downy. Flowers 

 like those of U. effusa. A large tree. New England to 

 Carolina. Height 80 ft. to 100 ft. Introduced in 1752; 

 but rarely flowering, and never ripening seeds in England. 



Varieties. 



t U.a. \rubra Ait. Hort. Kew. i. p. 319. Branches red. Leaves 



ovate, rugose, rough. 



U. a. 2 alba Ait. Hort. Kew. i. p. 319., Marsh, p. 250. ? U. molli- 



folia (Rcem. et Schitlt.) Branches whitish. Leaves oblong, rough. 



t U.a. 3 pendula Pursh Sept. i. p. 200., Ait. Hort. Kew. i. p. 319. 



Branches pendulous. 



t U. a. 4* incisa Hort. (Plate in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii.) This 

 variety differs from the other varieties, in having the leaves some- 

 what more deeply serrated, and rather smaller, approaching nearer 

 to those of U. effusa. Horticultural Society's Garden. 

 U. a. 5fdliis variegdtis Hort. Leaves variegated. Hort. Soc. Garden. 

 The white elm delights in low humid situations. The wood is used for the 

 same purposes as that of the European elm, but it is decidedly inferior in 

 strength and hardness ; it has also less compactness, and splits more readily. 

 Propagated by grafting on U. montana, but not common in 'collections. 



9. U. (A.) FU'LVA Michx. The tawny-budded, or slippery, Elm. 



Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 172. ; Pursh Sept., 1. 

 Synonymes. U. rubra Michx. Arb. 3. p. 278. ; Orme gras, French i 



red Elm, red-wooded Elm, Moose Elm. 

 Engravings. Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 128. ; and our fig. 1402. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Resembles the Dutch elm. Branches rough, whitish. 

 Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, nearly equal at the base, more or less 

 cordate there; serrate with unequal teeth, rugose, very rough, hairy on 

 both surfaces : they are larger, thicker, and 

 rougher than those of U. americana. Leaf buds 

 tomentose, with a tawny dense tomentum : they 

 are larger and rounder than those of U. ameri- 

 cana. Scales of the buds that include the flowers 

 downy. Peduncles of flowers short. Samara 

 not fringed, very like that of U. campestris; 

 orbicular, or obovate. (Michx.) Leaves variable 

 in shape and serratures, but more downy than 

 the other North American elms. Stamens 5 7. 

 Stigmas purplish. Samara, when young, downy 

 on both sides. A tree bearing a strong resem- 

 blance to the Dutch elm. Canada to Carolina. 

 Height 50 ft. to 60 ft. Introduced ? 1815. 

 Flowers and samara as in preceding species. 1402. u. (a.) aiv 



.200. 



Canada and Upper Louisiana ; 



