LXV1. <7LMA CE1E t 



Distinguished from the white American elm by its buds, which are largei 

 and rounder ; and which, a fortnight before their developement, are covered 

 with a russet down. It is less abundant than the white American elm ; and 

 the two species are rarely found together, as the red elm requires a substantial 

 soil, free from moisture, and even delights in elevated and open situations. 

 The heart-wood is coarser-grained and less compact than that of U. ameri- 

 cana, and is of a dull red tinge ; whence the name of red elm. There are 

 small plants bearing the name of U. fulva, in Loddiges's arboretum ; but they 

 are scarcely, if at all, distinguishable from U. americana. 



*E 10. U. ALA'TA Michx. The Wahoo, or Cork-winged, Elm. 



, Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 173. ; Pursh Sept., 1. p. 200. 

 Synonymes. U. pumila Walt. Fl. Carol. Ill ; Wahoo, Indians of North America. 



Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 173. ; Pursh Sept., 1. p. 200. 

 Synonymes. U. pumila Walt. Fl. Carol. Ill ; Wahoo, Indians of Nort) 

 Engravings. Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 127. ; and our Jig. 1403. 



Spec. Char., $c. Leaves like those of Carpinus 2?etulus L. Branches 

 bearing two longitudinal corky wings. Leaves with short petioles, and 

 disks that are oblong-oval, narrowed to an acute point, almost equal at the 

 base, toothed. Samara downy, bearing a dense fringe of hairs at the edge. 

 (Michx.} A middle-sized deciduous tree. Virginia, Carolina, and Georgia. 

 Height 30 ft. to 40 ft. Introduced in 1820. Flowers and samara as in the 

 preceding species. 



The most remarkable part of this species is, a fungous 

 appendage, two or three lines wide, attached to the branches 

 throughout their whole length ; from which the name of 

 alata (winged) has been given. The wood is fine-grained, 

 more compact, heavier, and stronger than that of U. ameri- 

 cana. The heart-wood is of a dull chocolate colour, and 

 always bears a great proportion to the sap-wood. There 

 are small plants in Messrs. Loddiges's collection, which, 

 from the leaves, might be taken for those of U. (c.) su- 

 berosa ; and the engraving in Michaux, from which fig. 

 1403. is reduced to our usual scale, closely resembles the 

 young shoots and leaves of that tree of U. (c.) suberosa 

 in the Horticultural Society's Garden, of which a plate is 

 given in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii. 1403 u alkta- 



GENUS II. 



PLA'NEIL4 Gmel. THE PLANERA. Lin. Syst. Polygamia Monce x cia ; or 

 Tetr-Pent-andria Digynia. 



Identification. Gmel. Syst. Nat., 2. p. ? 150. ; Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. p. 100. 

 Synonymef. .Rhamnus Pall., Glildenst. ; f/'lmus, various authors, as to the Planera Richards 

 Derivation, Named in honour of Planer, professor of botany at Erfurth, who published, in 1788, 

 a work entitled Index Plantarum Agri Erfordiensis, in one volume 8vo. 



Gen. Char. Flowers polygamous or monoecious. Female and bisexual 

 flowers. Calyx bell-shaped, distinct from the ovary, membranous, green, 

 of one piece, but having 5-ciliate lobes. Stamens in the bisexual flower 

 4 5, less developed than those in the male flower. Ovary top-shaped, 

 villous. Stigmas 2, sessile. Fruit roundish, pointed, dry. Male flower. 

 Calyx as in the female and bisexual flowers. Stamens 4 5. (G. Don.) 



Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate or exstipulate, deciduous ; toothed, 

 feather-nerved. Flowers small, greenish. Fruit small, whitish when ripe. De- 

 caying leaves yellowish green. Trees, deciduous, natives of Asia and North 

 America, with the aspect of the hornbeam, and readily uniting by grafting 

 with that tree or the elm Bark scaling off like that of the Platanus. Pro- 

 pagated by grafting on the elm, or by layers in any common soil. 



3 A 3 



