732 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 



CA V RYA Nutt. Flowers monoecious. Stamens 4 6. Covering, of the nut in 



4 pieces. 

 PTEROCA^RYA Kunth. Flowers monoecious. Stamens numerous. Covering 



of the nut winged. 



GENUS I. 



JITGLANS L. THE WALNUT TREE. Lin. Syst. Monce'cia Polyandria. 



Identification. Schreb. Lin. Gen., No. 1446. ; Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. PI., 2. p. 220. 



Synonynies. Noyer, Fr. ; Walnuss, Ger. ; Noce, Ital. 



Derivation. Juglans is contracted from Jovis, Jove's, and glans, a mast, or acorn ; and was applied 

 by the Roman writers to this tree, on account of the excellence of its fruit as food, compared with 

 other masts or acorns ; the only species that was known to the Romans having been the Juglans 

 rdgia, or common walnut tree. 



Gen. Char., fyc. Flowers unisexual, monoecious. Male flowers in cylindrical, 

 drooping, solitary catkins. Calyx of 5 6 scales. Stamens 18 36. Fe- 

 male flowers solitary or a few in a group, terminal upon a shoot developed 

 in the same year. Calyx ovate, including and adhering to the ovary. Petals 

 4. Stigmas 2 3, fleshy. Fruit a drupe. Covering of the nut a fleshy 

 husk of 1 piece that bursts irregularly. Nut woody, of 2 valves. (G. Don.} 

 Leaves compound. alternate, exstipulate, deciduous; imparipinnate, of 5 

 19 leaflets, all but the terminal one in opposite or nearly opposite pairs; all 

 serrate, and all spreading in one plane. Flowers greenish. Decaying leaves 

 brown. Trees deciduous, natives of Asia and North America, with coarse- 

 grained wood ; and fruit, in one species at least, much esteemed at the dessert, 

 and valuable for the oil which it contains. 



The trees belonging to this order bear, with only two to three exceptions, so 

 close a resemblance to one another in their young state (in which state alone 

 most of them are to be seen in Britain), that we have been unable to satisfy 

 ourselves as to what are species, and what are only varieties. Michaux has 

 arranged the species in the two following sections : 



i. Simple Aments. Growth rapid. 1 . Juglans regia L. 2. J. nigra L. 

 3. J. cathartica Michx., syn. J. cinerea L. The order of the flowering of 

 these species in England is, first J. regia, then J. cinerea, in a few days after 

 which the catkins of J. nigra expand. The order of fruiting is different ; for, 

 while the fruit of the common walnut begins to drop in the first or second 

 week in September, that of the black walnut does not fall till the end of the 

 same month, and that of the grey walnut not till the beginning of October. 

 To this section may be added J /raxinifolia L., recently separated from Juglans 

 as the genus Pterocarya. 



ii. Compound Aments , each Peduncle bearing three. Growth slow. 1. Ju- 

 glans olivaeformis Michx. (syn. Carya olivaeformis Nutt.). 2. J. amara Michx. 

 (C. amara Nutt.). 3. J. aquatica Michx. (C. aquatica Nutt.). 4. J. tomen- 

 tosa Michx. (C. tomentosa Nutt.). 5. J. squamosa Michx. (C alba Nutt.). 

 6. J. laciniosa Michx. (C. laciniosa Nutt.). 1. J. porcina Michx. (C. porcina 

 Nutt.). 8. J. myristicaeformis Michx. (C. myristiciformis Nutt.). 



1. J. RE V GIA L. The royal, or common, Walnut Tree. 



Identification. Lin. Hort. Cliff., p. 449. ; Willd. Arb., 153. ; Willd. Sp. PI., 4. p. 455. 



Synonymes. Nux. Juglans Dod. Pempt. 816. ; Niix Juglans, seu rdgia vulgaris, Bauh. Pin. 417. 



Noyer commun, Fr. ; Noseguier Provence ; gemeine Walnuss, Ger. 

 Engravings. Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, t 29. ; the plates ot this tree in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii. 



and our Jig. 1416. 



Spec. Char. y <Sfc. Leaflets in a leaf, 5 9 ; oval, glabrous, obscurely serrated. 

 Fruit oval, situated upon a short inflexible peduncle. Nut rather oval, 

 rather even. A large deciduous tree. Persia, in the extensive province of 

 Ghilan, on the Caspian Sea, between 35 and 40 of latitude. Height 40 ft. 



