736 



ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 



Synant/rnes. Juglans sp. Lin., Wittd., Michx. ; Hicdrius Rafinesque; Hickory, Amer. 



Derivation. " Kama (Carya), the walnut tree : the name which the Greeks applied to Juglans 

 regia." (Nuttall.) The name of Carya was applied to the common walnut by the Greeks, in 

 honour of Carya, daughter of Dion, king of Laconia, who was changed by Bacchus into that tree. 

 Diana had the surname of Caryata from the town of Carya, in Laconia, where her rites were 

 always celebrated in the open air, under the shade of a walnut tree, Plutarch says the name of 

 Carya was applied to the walnut tree from the effect of the smell of its leaves on the head. 



Gen. Char. Flowers unisexual, monoecious. Male, female, and leaves all upon a 

 shoot developed from one bud in the year of the flowering. The male flowers 

 borne at the base of the shoot, below the leaves, or in the axils of the lower 

 leaves ; the female flowers, a few together about the tip of the shoot. Male 

 flowers in slender pendulous catkins, that are disposed 3 upon a peduncle. 

 Calyxa. 3-parted minute leaf. Stamens4<6. Female flowers. Calyx including 

 and adhering to the ovary ; its tip free, and 4-cleft. Stigma sessile upon the 

 ovary, partly discoid, 2 4-lobed Fruit a drupe. Husk fleshy, separating 

 into 4 equal valves. Nut with 4 or more bluntish angles in its transverse 

 outline; the surface pretty even. (G.Don.) 



Leaves compound, alternate, exstipulate, deciduous ; imparipinnate, of 

 5 15 leaflets, serrate; all, except the terminal one, in opposite, or nearly 

 opposite, pairs ; and all spreading in one plane. Flowers greenish. Decaying 

 leaves brown. Trees, deciduous ; natives of North America ; the rate of 

 growth slower than a Juglans, and the bark appearing reticulated. 



When propagated, the nuts should, if possible, be planted where the trees 

 are intended to remain, as most of the species have very long taproots, which 

 are nearly destitute of fibres. This remark, however, does not apply to C. 

 amara, which, like Juglans nigra, has abundance of fibrous roots. The pig- 

 nut (C. porcina) and the mocker-nut (C. tomentosa) are considered to afford 

 the best timber; and the pacane-nut (C. oliva2formis) decidedly the best fruit, 

 though the nut in this species is small. 



1 . C. OLIVJEFO'RMIS Nutt. The olive-shaped Carya, or Pacane-nut Hickory. 



Identification. Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. PI., p. 221. 



Synonymes. Juglans riibra Gcertn. Sem. 2. p. 51. t. 89. ; J. cylindrica Lam. Enci/cl., N. Du Ham. 



4. p. 179. ; J. Pecan Muhlenb. in Nov. Act. Soc. Nat. Scrut. Berol. 3. p. 392. ; J. angustif61ia Ait. 



Hort. Keiv. ; J. olivaeformis Michx. Fl. Bar. Amer. p. 192. ; Pecan-nut, Illinois Nut, Amer. ; 



Pecanier, Pacanus, Noyer Pecanier, Fr. 

 Engravings. Michx. Arb., 1. t. H. 



North Amer. Sylva, 1. t. 32. ; and 



our fig. 1419. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaflets, in 

 a leaf, 13 15; ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, serrate ; lateral ones 

 nearly sessile, and somewhat 

 falcate. Fruit oblong, widest 

 above the middle. Fruit 

 and nut each with four 

 angles in its transverse out- 

 line. Nut in form and ? size 

 compared with the fruit of 

 the olive, narrowly elliptical. 

 (Michx.) A large deciduous 

 tree. Banks of the Ohio, Mis- 

 sissippi, and other rivers in 

 Upper Louisiana. Height 

 60 ft. to 70 ft. Introduced 

 in 1766. Flowers greenish ; 

 April and May. Fruit with 

 a green husk, enclosing a 

 yellowish nut. 



The shell is smooth and 

 thin, but too hard to be 

 broken by the nrgei\s. The 



