852 



ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICLM. 



names, the stone oak ; the common oak, the late oak, in allusion to its lateness in leafing ; the 

 winter oak, from its frequently keeping on its leaves during winter ; dry oak, probably from the 

 leaves remaining en the tree after they have become dry and withered ; red oak, from the colour 

 of its wood ; and hill oak, from its being more abundant on hilly ground than the Q. pedunculata. 

 Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 1845. ; N. Du Ham., 7. t. 52. ; Willd. Abbild., t. 130. ; the plate of this 

 tree in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii. ; and our fig. 1545. 



Spec. Char. y fyc. Leaves on longish footstalks, deciduous, oblong, smooth ; 

 sinuses opposite, rather acute ; lobes obtuse. Fruit sessile. Nut oblong. 

 (Smith.) Leaves, when young, pubescent beneath. (Willd.) A large decidu- 

 ous tree, readily distinguished from the preceding species, even at a distance, 

 by the less tufted appearance, and generally paler green, of its foliage during 

 summer ; and, in winter, by its less tortuous spray and branches, by its 

 lighter-coloured bark, by its larger buds, and by its frequently retaining its 

 leaves, after they have withered, till the following spring. 

 Varieties. 



Q. s. 2 pubescens. Q. s. var. Smith Eng. Fl. vol. iv. p. 150. ; Q. pu- 

 bescens Willd. Sp. PI. iv. p. 450. ; Q. R. lanuginosum Lam. Diet. i. 

 p. 717. ; the Durmast, Mart. FL Rust. t. 12. Leaves downy be- 

 neath. Fruit sessile, but sometimes subsessile. 



y Q. s. 3 macrocdrpa. Q. .Kobur ma- 

 crocarpum Sooth, (Our fig. 

 1546.) Fruit large. Lodd. 



1546. Q. s. macroclrpa. 



1M7. Q. s. falkenbt-rgfosis. 



* Q. s. 4 falkenbergensis. Q. falkenbergensis Sooth, Forbes Hort. 

 Tour p. 5., and Arb. Brit. 1st edit. p. 1926. (Our fig. 1547.) Leaves 

 small and serrated. Fruit small. Plant stunted. Found on the hills 

 of Falkenberg by Mr. Booth in 1832, and introduced in 1837. 

 If Q. s. 5 australis. Q. ? australis Link in Spreng. Syst. Quer. No. 59,, 

 and Arb. Brit, 1st edit. p. 1925. (Our fig. 1548.) Leaves large, 

 regularly lobed, and evergreen or sub-evergreen. Introduced by 

 Capt. S. E. Cook (now Widderington) in 1835, and possibly a dis- 

 tinct species, but we think not. Horticultural Society's Garden. 

 Other Varieties are mentioned by Bosc and some French authors, and in 

 the Gardener's Magazine, vol. xii p. 571., and Arb. Brit., 1st edit., p. 1737., 

 fifteen are described as having been found by the Rev. W. T. Bree in War- 

 wickshire, in the district called the Forest of Arden. 



Quercus sessilifldra is generally the only British oak found in poor soil ; 

 for example, on the high grounds on the south bank of the Thames between 

 Greenwich and Gravesend. On the poor soils of the north and middle of 

 France, it is the only oak which is indigenous. The oaks of the Bois de 

 Boulogne are entirely of this species ; as are those in the woods of Meudon, 

 and throughout the whole of the extensive Forest of Fontainebleau. In 

 Britain it is also frequently found in rich soil, with or without Q. peduncu- 

 lata ; but the latter species* is never found indigenous on soils so poor as those 

 in which Q. sessiliflora is found. fSee our first edition.) 



