920 ARBORETUM ET FIlUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 



5! 1. O. VULGA'RIS Willd. The Hop Hornbeam. 



Identification Willd. Sp. PL, 4. p. 469. 



Svnonitmes. Carpinus O'strya Hort. Cliff. 447. ; O'strya carpinifblia Scop. Cam. No. 1191. ; O'strya 



Batik Pin. 427 ; 0. italica, &c., <WcA.r. Gen. 223. t. 104. f. 1, 2. ; Carpino nero, Hal. 

 Engravings. Michx. Gen., 1. 104, f. 1, 2. ; Dend. Brit., t. 143.; N. Du Ham., 2. t. 59. ; the plates 



of this tree in Arb. Brit. 1st edit, vol. viii. ; and our fig. 1717. 



Spec. Char., $c. Strobiles ovate, pendulous. Leaves ovate, acute. Buds 

 obtuse. (Willd.) A deciduous tree. Italy and the South of Europe. 

 Height 30ft. to 40 ft. Introduced in 1724. Flowers greenish-white ; 

 May. Fruit small, whitish brown ; ripe in October. 



The hop hornbeam, in its general appearance, bark, branches, and foliage, 

 bears a great resemblance to the common hornbeam \ but is at once distin- 



guished from it by its catkins of female flowers. These consist of blunt 

 scales, or bracteal appendages, which are close, and regularly imbricated, so 

 as to form a cylindrical strobile, very like the catkin of the female hop ; 

 whereas in the common hornbeam the bracteas are open and spreading. The 

 tree has a very handsome appearance when in fruit ; and, in favourable situ- 

 ations, it will attain nearly as large a size as the common hornbeam. It is 

 commonly grafted on the common hornbeam ; but, as the growth of the 

 former is more rapid than that of the latter, unless the graft is made imme- 

 diately above the collar, the trunk of the scion becomes too large for that 

 of the stock, and the tree is liable to be blown down, or broken over by the 

 wind. Propagating by layers, or by seeds, is therefore a preferable mode. 



f 2. O. (? v.) VIRGI'NICA Willd. The Virginian Hop Hornbeam. 



Identification. Willd. Sp. PL, 4. p. 469. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., 5 p. 302. ; Pursh 2. p. 623. 



Synonymes. Carpinus virginiana Abb. Ins. 2. p. 151. ; Carpinus O'strya virginiana Michx. Fl. Bar. 

 Amer. 2. p. 202. ; C. O'strya Michx. N. Amer. Syl. 3. p. 30. with the exception of the figure, which 

 is that of O. vulgaris ; Iron Wood, Lever Wood, Amer. ; Bois dur, Illinois. 



Engravings. Abb. Ins., 2. t. 75. ; Pluk. Aim., 1. 156. f. 1. ; and our figs. 1718, 1719. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Strobiles ovate-oblong, erect. Leaves ovate-oblong, acu- 

 minate. Buds acute. (Willd.) A deciduous tree. New Brunswick to 



