1016 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BUITANNICUM. 



B. Cones with the Scales not thickened at the Apex. 



a. Natives of Europe and Siberia. 

 t 50. P. CE'MBRA L. The Cembran Pine, 



Identification. Lin. Sp. PL, 1419. ; Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. p. 3. 



Synonymes. P. f61iis qulnis, &c., Gmel. Sib. 1. p. 179. ; P. satlva Amm. Ruth. p. 178. ; P. sylves- 

 tris, &c., Bauh. Pin. 491.; P. sylvestris Ctmbro Cam. Epit. p. 42. ; Larix sempervlrens, &c., 

 Breyn. in Act. Nat. Cur. Cent. 7,8. ; Pinaster Aleuo, &c., Bell. Conifer, p. 20. b. 21.; TVda 

 arbor, Ctmbro Italbrum, Dale Hist. 1. p. 47. ; Aphernousli Pine, five-leaved Pine, the Siberian 

 Stone Pine, the Swiss Stone Pine; Aroles, in Savoy ; Alvie?, in Switzerland ; Cembra, in Dau- 

 phine ; Ceinbrot, Eouve, Tinier, Fr.; Ziirbelkiefer, Ger. ; Pino Zimbro, Ital. ; Kedr, Russ. (see 

 Pall. FL Ross.) 



Engravings. Pall. Ross., 1. t. 2. ; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 1. t. 30, 31. ; the plate of this tree in Arb. 

 Brit., 1st edit., vol. vlii. ; our Jig. 1905. to our usual scale, figs. 1902. to 1904. of the natural size, 

 all from Dropmore specimens. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves in fives ; sheaths deciduous. Cones ovate, erect, 

 about as long as the leaves, and having, when young, the scales 

 pubescent ; the wings of the seed obliterated ; anthers having a 

 kidney-shaped crest. Buds, in the Dropmore specimens, 

 from A in. to f- in. broad ; globose, with a long narrow 

 point ; white, and without resin ; not surrounded by 

 smaller buds (see Jig. 1902.). Cones about Sin. long, and 

 2 in. broad. Scales 1 in. long, and about the same width 

 in the widest part. Seed larger than that of any other 

 European species of Pinus, except P. Pinea, |in. long, and 

 ^r in. broad in the widest part, somewhat triangular, and 

 wedge-shaped ; without wings, probably from abortion ; and 

 having a very hard shell, containing an eatable, oily, white 

 kernel, agreeable to the taste. Cotyledons 11 to 13 (see 

 fig. 1903.). A tall tree. Switzerland and Siberia. Height 50 ft. 

 to 80 ft. Introduced in 1746. Lt flowers in May, and ripens its 

 cones in the November of the following year. 



Varieties. 



t P. C. 1 sibinca. P. Cembra Lodd. Cat. ed. 1837 ; Kedr, Pall. ; 

 Cedar of some authors ; the Siberian Stone Pine, or Siberian Cedar, 

 Hort. The cones are said to be longer, and the scales larger, than 

 in the Swiss variety ; the leaves are, also, rather shorter ; and the 

 plant is of much slower growth in England. 



1 P. C. 2 pygm<e^a. P. C, piimila Pall. Ross. ; Slanez, Russ. Ac- 

 cording to Pallas, the trunk of this variety does not exceed 2 in. in 

 thickness, and it is rarely above 6 ft. in height ; the branches being 

 not more than 1 in. in diameter. Some specimens are much lower 

 in height, prostrate, and shrubby. 



t P. C. 3 helvetica Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836. The Swiss, Cembran, or Stone, 

 Pi lie . Cones short and roundish, with close scales ; and the 

 plants of more vigorous growth than the Siberian variety; the 

 wood, also, is said to be more fragrant. This is much the com- 

 monest form of P. Cembra in British gardens. 



In England, P. Cembra is an erect tree, with a straight trunk and a smooth 

 bark. When standing singly, it is regularly furnished to the summit with 

 whorls of branches, which are more persistent than the branches of most 

 other species of yibietinae. The leaves are from 3 to 5 in a sheath, three- 

 ribbed ; the ribs serrated, one of them green and shining, and the other two 

 white and opaque. In most species of pine, it has been observed that during 

 winter the leaves incline more towards the shoots which produce them 

 than in summer, as if to prevent the snow from lodging on them ; and this is 

 said to be much more conspicuously the case with the leaves of P. Cembra 

 than with those of any other species. The male catkins are red, and appear 

 at the base of the young shoots. According to Lambert, the flowers have a 

 more beautiful appearance than in any other species of pine, being of a bright 

 purple ; and the unripe full-grown cones, he says, have a bloom upon them 

 like that of a ripe Orleans plum. The tree is of remarkably slow growth in 



