1068 ARBORETUM ET FRUT1CETUM BRITANNICUM. 



gether. Pollen in 5 cases. Ovules 2. Leaves linear, in 2 ranks, de- 

 ciduous in the only species yet introduced. 



JUNI'PERUS. Male catkins terminal, female ones axillary, few. Pollen in 

 3 to 6 cases. Ovule one. Fruit pulpy. Leaves opposite or ternate, rigid. 



GENUS VIII. 



L. THE ARBOR VITJE. Lin. Syst. Monce'cia Monadelphia. 



Identification. Lin. Gen., 1078. ; Juss., 413. ; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. 



Synonymcs. Thuya, or Arbre de Vie. Fr. ; Lebensbaum, Ger. ; Tuja, Ital. 



Derivation. From tkyon, sacrifice; in consequence of the resin of the Eastern variety being used 

 instead of incense in sacrifices. Why it was called Arbor Yitae is uncertain. Parkinson says the 

 American species was presented to Francis I. under this name, and that it has been continued 

 ever since, though for what reason he knows not. It was called the Arbor Vita? by Clusius. 

 Royle mentions that, in the East, the cypress is called the tree of life ; and that its berries, &c., are 

 considered a cure for all diseases. 



Gen. Char. Male flowers in a terminal solitary catkin. Pollen of each flower 

 included in 4 cases, that are attached to the inner face of the scale, towards 

 its base. Female flower in terminal catkins. Ovary connate with the 

 bractea ; the two conjoined may be termed a receptacle. Ovules 2 to each 

 receptacle. Receptacles semi-peltate, imbricated, smooth, or, in some, having 

 a recurved beak near the tip. Seeds inconspicuously winged, or not winged. 

 Cotyledons 2. Branchlets compressed. 



Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, ex stipulate, evergreen ; 2-rowed, 

 scale-like, closely imbricated, compressed. Flowers yellowish. Trees nar- 

 row, pyramidal, and evergreen ; or large fastigiate shrubs ; natives of Asia, 

 Africa, and North America, and for the most part hardy in British gardens. 

 The species have been divided by Professor Don into the following sec- 

 tions: 

 i. Thujte verce. Cones oblong-compressed ; scales consisting of a definite 



number (4 or 6), coriaceous, smooth, with one tubercle under the 



apex ; two exterior ones shortened, boat-shaped. Seeds compressed, 



winged. To this belong T. occidentals L., T. plicata Donn, and T. 



chilensis D. Don. In T. occidentals the seeds are flattened, winged 



all round, emarginate at the apex, 

 ii. Biota. Cones roundish, squarrose ; scales indefinite in number, peltate, 



woody. Seeds bellying, crustaceous, without wings. To this belongs 



T. orientalis L. 

 iii. Cyparissa. Cones roundish ; scales indefinite in number, peltate, woody. 



Seeds winged at the apex. To this belong T. cupressoides L., T. 



pensilis D. Don, and T. pendula D. Don. 



i. T/iujtc verce. 

 f I. T. OCCIDENTALS L. The Western, or American, Arbor Vitae. 



Identification. Hort. Cliff., 449. ; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 2. p. 646. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. p. 226 

 Si/nonymes. Thuja Theophr&sti Bauh. Pin. 488. ; A rbor Vitae Clus. Hist. 1. p. 36. ; white Cedar, 



' Amer. ; Cddre americain, Cedre blanc, Arbre de Vie, Fr. ; gemeiner Lebensbaum, Ger. ; Albero 



de Vita, Ital. 

 Engravings. Michx. Arb., 3. t. 29. ; the plate of this tree in Arb. Brit, 1st edit., TO!, viii. ; and our 



fig. 1991. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Branchlets 2-eclged. Leaves imbricated in 4 rows, ovate- 

 rhomboid, adpressed, naked, tuberculated. Cones obovate ; interior scales 

 truncate, gibbous beneath the apex. (Willd.) A moderate-sized evergreen 

 tree, or large shrub. Canada. Height 40 ft. to 50 ft. In cultivation in 

 England since 1596. Flowering in May, and ripening its cones in the 

 following autumn. 



