INTRODUCTION. 



ceder- (cedar), ciris- (cherry), 

 cisten- (chesnut), cwic- (quick-beam), ele- 

 (olive-tree), hnut- (nut), laur- (laurel), mor- 

 (mulberry tree), wana beam. In modern 

 English we have the compound hornbeam, 

 and more obscurely whitebeam ; but as a 

 common noun learn means only dead 

 timber, lignum, tignum. 



-bolle seems to mean ball : chesbolle and 

 chespolle (poppy). 



-codde, bag : -pes-codde. 



-corn : byb-, gift-, libb-, mold-, sund-. 



-cup : Butter-cup, Gold-cup, King-cup. Dr. 

 Prior takes this cup for cop, i. e. head, knop. 

 Thus, it would represent the French bouton, 

 as in Houton d'or. 



-der : apultLer, mapulder. An ancient form 

 of the word tree, probably one with Greek 

 dpvs. It seems to be the same word in elder, 

 which the Germans call ^olunber, and popu- 

 larly <>olber. But -der is strictly the Low 

 Dutch form, for which the High Dutchis-tfmz. 

 It has been questioned whether we should 

 recognise this in -ter of Olufter, a German 

 name for the Elm. Grassmann's explana- 

 tion would exclude this. He takes Otiifter 

 to be just the tree good for scaffolding 



