328 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



so as to force it into the terminals. For large fields a New Jersey 

 grower devised a traction sprayer covering three rows * which 

 applied the material at a cost of $2.50 an acre for labor and materials. 

 To Ix* effective spraying should be commenced as soon as aphides 

 are found generally distributed over the plants. Kerosene emul- 

 sion may be used on a small scale, if carefully made, but more or 

 less injury has resulted where it has been used extensively. Prob- 

 ably many of the tobacco preparations now on the market would 

 effectively destroy the aphides and would not injure the vines. 



The Pea-moth f 



The Pea-moth is an old pest in Europe, whence it was imported 

 into Canada, where it has frequently done considerable mischief. 



It is known to occur in the 

 large pea-growing sections of 

 Xew Brunswick, Nova Scotia 

 and Ontario, where it first at- 

 tracted attention near Toronto 

 in 1893, and was found in the 

 pea-growing section of Michigan 

 in 1908. The wings of the adult 

 moth expand ' about one-half 



FIG. : 236--^ pea^noth (Serbia an ' inch > the fore-wings being > 



nigricana Steph.J : moth above, "dark, fuscous or dusky, tinged 



^ISrya below-about three times . fa d fc fe d mottled 

 natural size. (After Chittenden, 



U. S. Dept. Agr.) with white," the hind- wings 



being a uniform fuscous with a 

 rather long inner fringe of hairs, as shown in Fig. 36. 



The females may be found flying around pea-blossoms soon 

 after sunset, and deposit one to three eggs on young pods. The 

 caterpillar hatches in about fourteen days, according to European 

 observations, and attacks the forming seed. Affected pods usu- 

 ally ripen early. The larva is whitish-yellow with a pale brown head 



* For description and figure, see 13th Annual Rept. Del. Agr. Exp. Sta., 

 pp. 168-172. 



f Semasia nigricana Steph. Family Tortriddce. 



