354 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



have been used to place around the plant and act as rcpel- 

 lant.s or preventives, but all have some objection or have not 

 been sufficiently tested to show their effectiveness and practica- 

 bility. Dr. J. B. Smith reports, however, that cauliflower-growers 

 at Richfield, X. J., have been using gas tar, 1 part to 25 parts of 

 sand, for several years with good results. The gas tar costs SI. 25 

 a gallon and will treat 1000 plants. A greater proportion of gas 

 tar has proven injurious. 



Remedies. For the destruction of the maggots, both carbolic 



acid emulsion and hellebore 

 decoction have been exten- 

 sively used with varying re- 

 sults, but from the evidence 

 so far submitted, the grower 

 would hardly seem war- 

 ranted in placing much de- 



pendence upon them, though 

 where preventive measures 

 have been neglected, they 

 may aid in reducing the 

 number of maggots and pre- 



vent a total loss. To make 



, . ,. , 



th emulsion, dissolve 



FIG. 250. a, tarred felt card in outline 

 one-third size; b, tool for cutting 

 cards, about one-sixth size; c, show- pound of soap in a gallon of 

 ing how tool is used, dotted line 

 indicating position of edge of tool, 

 (After Goff.) 



> XL- i i -, 



boiling water; to this add 1 



pint of crude carbolic acid 

 and churn thoroughly until 



a good creamy emulsion is made. For use, dilute one part of 

 the emulsion with 30 parts of water and apply 4 to 6 ounces 

 to each plant. It may be conveniently applied with a watering 

 pot. The earth should be pulled away from the plants so that 

 the emulsion may be brought into actual contact with the 

 larvae on the roots. Application should be commenced as soon 

 as maggots are observed, repeated in 4 or 5 days, and then 

 once a week for a month. Well-grown maggots are quite resistant 

 to the emulsion, but it will destroy the young as they hatch before 



