448 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



formed and the adult beetles emerge in late summer and fall. 

 There seems to be but one generation a year. Old plants are 

 worst injured, and runners formed late in the season are usually 

 free from the pest, as eggs arc probably not laid after June. 



Control. Frequent rotation, plowing up the bed after one 

 or two crops, will largely prevent the pest becoming established. 

 Where the insect is well established in old beds, it will be well 

 to secure plants from beds known to be free from the 

 pest and to plant new beds at some distance from the old ones. 

 Infested beds should have the plants plowed out and raked up 

 and burned as soon as possible after the fruit is harvested and 

 before; August. Owing to the fortunate fact that the beetle 

 cannot fly from field to field, if the above measures are consistently 

 carried out there should be no trouble in controlling the injury. 



Strawberry Rootworms * 



The larvae of three species of common leaf-beetles often feed 

 upon the roots of the strawberry and are easily mistaken for the 

 crown-borer or for small white grubs. They may be distinguished 

 from the former by having three pairs of small thoracic legs just 

 back of the head, and from the latter by their being much thicker. 

 These rootworms are from one-eighth to one-sixth inch long, 

 whitish, with brownish heads, and usually feed on the roots 

 externally, though sometimes boring into them or the crown. 

 Dr. Forbes * has indicated the structural differences by which 

 they may be separated and shows that their life histories are quite 

 dissimilar. " The larva of Colaspis appears early in the season, 

 and does its mischief chiefly in the months of April and May, 

 the beetles beginning to emerge in June. That the eggs are laid 

 in the preceding year is highly probable, in which case the species 

 hibernates in the egg. Typophorus, on the other hand, certainly 

 passes the winter as an adult, doubtless laying its eggs in spring, 

 and making its principal attacks upon the plants in June and 



* Typophorus canellas Fab., Colaspis brunnea Fab., Graphops pubescens 

 Mels. Family Chrysomelidce. See Forbes, 1. c., p. 150. 



