454 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



" Pupation occurs in the tube made by the larva. The pupa 

 itself is brownish-yellow, without obvious processes or protuber- 

 ances, and a little more than one-fourth an inch long." The pupal 

 stage lasts about ten days, thus giving about forty-two to fifty 

 days for the complete life cycle from egg to adult. 



The moths of the second brood appear late in June and during 

 July. This brood is much more abundant on blackberry and 

 raspberry than on strawberry plants. The moths of the third 

 brood appear in August. They are comparatively few in number 

 and also seem to prefer blackberry and raspberry. Young larvae 

 are, however, to be found on strawberries in September. " Accord- 

 ing to the account given by Riley, the larva) change to pupa) 

 late in September and remain during the winter in that state." 

 Dr. Smith states that he has not observed this personally. In 

 Delaware we have found full-grown larva) in folded leaves in 

 midwinter, so that possibly some of them at least do not pupate 

 until spring. 



" The adult moth is small, measuring with expanded wings 

 about two-fifths of an inch. In general color it is somewhat 

 reddish-brown, the fore-wings streaked and spotted with black and 

 white as shown in the illustration. When the wings are folded, 

 the dark area at the base forms a somewhat conspicuous deeper 

 brown patch in the middle of the back. The hind-wings are of 

 a soft, dark smoky gray, and both wings have long fringes. The 

 insects fly readily during the middle of the day, and run rapidly 

 on the leaves, diving to the under side or into a fold so quickly 

 that it requires close watching to follow their movements. 

 From the fact that newly set fields are often infested, it 

 is probable that they fly for some distance to seek their food 

 plant." Smith. 



" A badly infested strawberry-patch begins to look scorched 

 early in June, and before the middle of that month appears as if 

 a fire had been over it. The fruit, deprived of the food prepared 

 by the foliage, stops growth, ripens undersized or prematurely, or 

 shrivels up altogether, even before it colors." " Often every 

 lobe on a leaf will be folded, and occasionally, when infested 



