INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE STRAWBERRY 455 



leaves cover or touch, an irregular mass of foliage is bundled 

 up in which as many as six or eight larvae may be found. 



" On blackberry not so large a part of the leaf is involved, 

 and frequently only the tip of one of the leaflets is webbed up. 

 Furthermore, the injury is more local, and only that part that 

 is actually eaten is harmed. The total amount of food really 

 devoured is very small, and were it not for the manner of feeding^ 

 which interferes with the nutrition of the leaf, the strawberry 

 could easily spare tissue for all these caterpillars that ever infect 

 it. On the raspberry the habit is yet different. Here the larva 

 gets into a partly opened tip and webs it together so securely 

 as to check growth. The actual eating shows a rusty space on 

 the upper side of the leaf, and not much more harm is done." 



Control. As stated above, the young caterpillar, just after 

 it is hatched, goes to the upper surface of the leaf and feeds there 

 exposed for a day or two before folding the leaf. " It must be 

 the object of the grower to poison the foliage so early in the season 

 that when the young caterpillar starts feeding, it can find no 

 foliage it can safely eat. Therefore, as soon as moths are found 

 flying in fair numbers, spray with Paris green, or some other 

 arsenite (preferably arsenate of lead). As the plants grow 

 rapidly, spray again a week later, and a third time a week there- 

 after. This will catch the great bulk of the caterpillars that will 

 become injurious in June, leaving only a very few that hatch 

 late and cannot cause much harm. A single spraying will do 

 comparatively little good, because the mo.ths extend the egg- 

 laying period over so long a time. The first larvae are almost 

 full grown before the last eggs are hatched." 



" If for any reason no timely applications were made and the 

 fields become badly infested, nothing practical can be done until 

 the crop is off. Then mow the beds, rake off all the foliage, and 

 burn it. You will burn with it all the larvae and pupae that are 

 then unchanged. This lessens the number of moths that come 

 to maturity and so helps somewhat for the following year." 



" On blackberry and raspberry no remedial measures have 

 proved necessary so far. If there are many caterpillars present 



