474 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



days and then enters the soil for from two to three inches and 

 there constructs a small oval cocoon about one-third inch long, 

 which looks like a pellet of earth, being formed of a brown mucilag- 

 inous substance, interwoven with coarse strands of silk, to which 

 particles of earth adhere. The larva then hibernates until the 

 next spring, when it transforms to the pupa and in a few days 

 the adult appears, usually early in May. 



Control. By suddenly jarring or shaking the bushes the 

 larvae will drop to the soil. On light soils this habit may be 

 utilized for their destruction by jarring them to the ground and 

 following with cultivators so as to bury the larva? in the loose soil. 

 This will be particularly applicable in hot weather, if the soil is 

 hot and dusty, when most of the larvae will be killed before 

 regaining the plants. By frequent cultivation in late summer or 

 fall the cocoons might be brought to the surface and some of the 

 larvae might be thus killed during the winter, though this needs 

 testing, as they are fairly well protected. The Iarva3 may be 

 readily killed with arsenical sprays, and if arsenate of lead were 

 applied at the rate of 3 pounds per barrel just as the plants 

 commence to flower, it would undoubtedly control the pest with 

 no possibility of spotting the fruit, or Paris green with Bordeaux 

 mixture might be used in the same way. If careful watch is 

 kept for the pest it can probably be detected in time to apply 

 the arsenicals, which will be much the easiest and most effective 

 to use, but if not observed until the canes are fruiting they should 

 be sprayed with hellebore, 1 ounce to 1 gallon of water. Hellebore 

 may be dusted on the plants mixed with twice its weight of 

 flour, but the spraying may be done more thoroughly. 



The Raspberry Byturus * 



The Raspberry Byturus is a small brown beetle belonging 



\ to the same family as the larder and carpet beetles, most of which 



feed on animal matter. It is about one-seventh inch long, 



reddish-yellow or reddish-brown, and covered with a thick coat 



* Byturus unicolor Say. Family Dermestidce. See W. H. Goodwin, 

 Bulletin 202, Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta. 



