542 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



The pest has been spread mostly by being transported on 

 nursery trees. Trees infested from the nursery will usually have 

 more scales on the lower trunk, from which they will spread to 

 the limbs, while those infested from neighboring trees will have 

 more scales on the young wood. Where the pest is abundant 

 the young insects are undoubtedly blown from tree to tree by the 



FIG. 394. Young larva and developing San Jose scale (Aspidiotus pernidosus 

 Comst.): a, ventral view of larva, showing sucking beak and setse sepa- 

 rated, with enlarged tarsal claw at right; b, dorsal view of same, still 

 more contracted and with the first waxy filaments appearing; c, dorsal 

 and lateral views of same, somewhat contracted, illustrating further 

 development of wax secretion ; d, later stage of the same dorsal and lateral 

 views, showing matting of wax secretions and first form of young scale 

 all greatly enlarged. (After Howard and Marlatt, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



wind, or they may be carried on the feet of birds or insects, or 

 brushed off and carried by persons or teams working in the orchard. 

 The insect has been found on a long list of plants, but on many 

 of them it is largely accidental. Injury is practically confined 

 to plants of the Rosacece, which family includes all our common 

 deciduous fruits. Of the orchard trees peach, pear, Japanese 



