546 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



of which Dr. Chittenden bred 92 specimens from 72 of the develop- 

 ing beetles, and we have frequently had twigs in which practically 

 all of the developing beetles were parasitized, 



Control. The most important point in the control of this and 

 similar pests is to cut out and destroy all dead and diseased wood. 



Burn all primings and trim- 

 mings. Affected trees should be 

 liberally fertilized in the spring 

 so that they may make a quick 

 growth and better withstand the 

 injury, llepellant washes have 

 been advised for deterring the 

 beetles from ovipositing. A 

 thick soap wash containing a 

 pint of crude carbolic acid to 10 

 gallons may be used. Professor 

 Gossard advises whitewashingthe 

 trees in early spring, again in mid- 

 summer and lastly about October 

 1st, adding one-quarter pound 

 of table salt or some Portland 

 cement to make it more adhe- 

 sive. He also reports killing the 

 beetles in their burrows with 

 an emulsion of earbolineum. 

 ''Emulsify by dissolving 3 pounds 

 of naphtha soap in 3 gallons 

 of water by boiling. While hot, 

 add 1 gallon of earbolineum 

 (arvenarius) and agitate as for 

 kerosene emulsion with a force 

 pump. Add four gallons of 

 water for use and apply with a spray pump. Keep face and 

 hands protected from this spray." The earbolineum is rather 

 expensive, however, and does not seem to be much more 

 effective than the whitewash. 



FIG. 397. Work of the fruit-tree 

 bark-beetle showing the main 

 galleries, the side or larval galler- 

 ies, and the pupal cells slightly 

 enlarged. (After Ratzeburg.) 



