SOME INSECTS INJURIOUS TO ORCHARD FRUITS 547 



The Buffalo Tree-hopper * 



The work of the Buffalo Tree-hopper consists of a series of 

 cuts or incisions in the limbs of fruit or shade trees, made by the 

 female in the process of egg-laying, which result in very character- 

 istic wounds. This injury is somewhat like that done by the 

 periodical cicada or by tree crickets, but the scars are larger 



FIG. 398. The buffalo tree-hopper (Ceresa bubalus Fab.): a, a, adult, enlarged 

 and natural size; twig of apple showing recent egg-punctures at 6; c, 

 bark reversed with eggs in position; d, single row of eggs enlarged; 

 e, wounds of two or three years standing on older limbs. (After Mar- 

 latt, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



and are placed irregularly. When badly attacked the limbs of 

 small trees sometimes become so scarred that they are badly 

 stunted or may be killed. The parent of this mischief is a curious 

 little grass-green insect, about three-eighths inch long, whose 

 pronotum is broadly expanded into two sharp horns, which are 



* Ceresa bubalus Fab. Family Membracidce. See C. L. Marlatt, Circular 

 23, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., and H. E. Hodgkiss, Tech. Bulletin 17, N. Y. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta., p. 92. 



