INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 595 



insect molts. The female loses her legs, antennae, and eyes, after 

 the first molt, and when full grown is an elongate, yellow- 

 ish, jelly-like mass, being simply a " reproductive sack, with her 

 sucking mouth parts, through which the food is taken, inserted in 

 the tissues of the plant," as shown in Fig. 448, e. The females 

 become full grown in about eight to ten weeks, when they lay 

 from 40 to 100 eggs and then die. In the Xorth there is but one 

 generation a year, but from the District of Columbia southward 

 there is a partial or complete second generation. When the male 

 insects are full grown they emerge from the scales as two-winged 

 flies, as shown greatly enlarged in Fig. 448, at a, fertilize the 

 females and die at once. 

 Control. See below. 



The Scurfy Scale * 



" The Scurfy Scale, while infesting a considerable number of 

 plants (some 35 in number), is a less general feeder than the 

 preceding species. It occurs principally upon rosaceous plants, 

 such as the apple, peach, pear, plum, cherry, etc., and also on 

 currant and gooseberry among cultivated plants, but seldom 

 becomes so abundant as to cause particular injury or require 

 specific treatment." It is especially common on apple and pear 

 and less so on cherry and peach, though it has been observed as 

 quite 1 destructive to peach in the South, greatly stunting the 

 trees, though none were actually killed. The female scale is a 

 dirty-gray color, irregularly shaped as shown in Fig. 449, c. 

 The male scale is much smaller, elongate, snowy white, "and with 

 three distinct ridges, Fig. 449, d. It is an American insect, being 

 common from southern Canada to the Gulf States. The life 

 history, as far as known, is practically identical with that of the 

 last species. 



Control. As the last two species are practically identical in 

 habits, they may be controlled by the same methods. Where 

 the trees are sprayed with lime-sulfur wash for the San Jose" 



* Chionaspis furfura Fitch. Family Cocddce. See Quaintance and 

 Sasscer, I.e. 



