INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 



599 



ally yellowish, and the tips of the antennae, honey-tubes, and tail 

 are black. The winged female is slightly longer and the wings 



FIG. 451. The apple-aphis, winged viviparous female greatly enlarged. 



expand about one-quarter inch, the head is deep olive brown; 

 the thorax is blackish, and there are three black spots on the 



FIG. 452. Nymphs of the apple-aphis, clustered on a leaf, showing developing 



wing-pads. 



lateral margin of the abdomen, but otherwise it is colored like the 

 wingless female. 



Life History. The minute, oval, shining black eggs are 



