INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 603 



may be seen through the abdomen. The winged female is about 

 the same length, the head, thorax and honey-tubes being black, 

 and the abdomen yellowish-red. The winged females in the fall 

 differ from those of the spring in lacking the small tubercles 

 between the eyes, but both spring and fall winged females have 

 the two pairs of small tubercles in front of the tail. They also 

 differ in having a large black splotch on the centre of the abdomen, 

 bands across the terminal abdominal segments, and spots along 

 the sides, also black. The male is winged and similar to the winged 

 viviparous females which migrate back to the apple in fall. 



The egg-laying females are 

 wingless, very much smaller 

 than the summer forms, and 

 light lemon-yellow in color. 



Life History. The eggs oc- 

 cur on the twigs, as do those 

 of the last species, hatch about 

 the same time, and the first 

 two or three generations de- 

 velop on the app e in the 

 same manner. -Like the last 

 species, the third generation 

 is mostly winged females 

 FIG. 456. The rosy apple-aphis, wingless Rn(1 m ig ratc f rO m the apple 

 viviparous female greatly enlarged. 



to some unknown food-plant, 



on which they pass the summer. The winged females return to 

 the apple foliage in the fall and then give birth to young, which 

 develop into the true males and females, which may be found laying 

 their eggs in company with the last and other species. 



This species curls the leaves, as does the apple-aphis, and is 

 likewise accompanied by ants. Dr. Britton states that " the 

 rosy apple-aphis . . . seems especially prone to attack the fruit 

 spurs and inner portions of the tree-top rather than the terminal 

 twigs and exterior part," and that it " affects seriously the 

 growth of the fruit," preventing its growth and development, 

 and causing it to be gnarled and irregular in shape, similar to the 

 damage sometimes observed by the last species. 



