628 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



skin, as shown in Fig. 489. When two or three generations 

 occur, the injury by them often becoms very severe if the 

 first generation has not been largely destroyed by thorough 

 spraying. Very similar injury is done by the larva of the lesser 



apple worm,* which is very difficult to 

 distinguish, but fortunately the same 

 treatment will control both pests. 



Control. Scraping the loose bark from 

 the trees and keeping the bark smooth 

 removes the favorable conditions for the 

 hibernation of the larvae. A large pro- 

 portion of the hibernating larvae arc 

 destroyed by woodpeckers and nut- 

 hatches during the winter and they 

 should be attracted to the orchards 

 by hanging up bones and suet. Pick- 

 ing up the fallen apples and destroying 

 them before the Iarva3 have left them to 

 form their cocoons will do much to 

 mitigate the numbers and will aid in 

 the control of other insects. Cellars and 

 storage houses where apples are kept 

 over winter should be screened to pre- 

 vent the exit of the moths in the spring. 

 The principal method of control, how- 

 ever, is in spraying with arsenicals, 

 which, when properly done, 'will destroy 

 practically all of the larva. Although Paris green and arsenite 

 of lime (p. 43) have long been used for this purpose, arsenate of 

 lead is now preferred on account of its superior adhesive qualities 

 and because there is less danger of burning the foliage with it. 

 Where Bordeaux mixture is sprayed for fungous diseases at the 

 same time Paris green may be applied with it and the Bordeaux 



* Enarmonia prunivora Walsh. Family Tortricidce. See A. L. Quaintance. 

 Bulletin 68, Part V, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Dept. Agr.; Foster and 

 Jones, Bulletin 80, Part III, ibid. 



FIG. 485. Larva of the 

 codling moth only a 

 few days old, showing 

 tubercles much en- 

 larged. (After Slinger- 

 land.) 



