634 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



within an apple. Most of the puparia arc within 1 or 2 inches of 

 the surface. There is but one generation a year. 



Control. As most of the affected fruit drops to the ground, 

 during summer it should be picked up twice a week and destroyed 

 before the maggots have left to it pupate. Where this is carefully 

 done injury by the pest is greatly reduced. Particular attention 

 should be given to the destruction of infested summer apples. 

 Hogs pastured in the orchard will do this work admirably, and 

 where there are but a few trees on bare or cultivated ground 

 chickens will destroy the larva?. Plowing the orchard deeply 

 as early as feasible in spring and keeping it well cultivated in early 

 summer will bury the puparia so as to greatly lessen in jury, which 

 is always worse in uncultivated sod orchards. As yet no method 

 of spraying has been used which shows any effect on this pest, 

 as the maggots inside the apple cannot be reached by a spray, 

 but experiments are now being made in New Hampshire which 

 may show a method of killing the adult flies, as has been done with 

 a similar pest in the orchards in South Africa. 



The Apple Curculio * 



The apple curculio has been commonly confused with the plum 

 curculio (p. 576), but is by no means as .common or injurious, and 



a 



FIG. 491. The apple curculio (Anthonomus quadrigibbus Say): a, b, adult 

 beetles; c, larva; d, pupa all enlarged. (After Riley.) 



is quite distinct in both appearance and habits. The adult beetle 

 is about the same size as the plum curculio, but more reddish- 



* Anthonomus quadrigibbus Say. Family Curculionidce. See C. S. 

 Crandall, Bulletin 98, 111. Agr. Exp. Sta., p. 514; F. E. Brooks, Bulletin 126, 

 W. Va. Agr. Exp. Sta., p. 113. 



