14 AN 1NTR01 TO ENTOMOLOGY, 



only part directly joined to the body ;uently nv tend direct to 



without passing through the cart 



Stipts or footstalk (b) is the part next in order proceed ir.. It is 



usually triangular, and articulates with the cardo by its base, with the 

 by its lateral margin, and with the subgalea by its mesal side. In the- ( )rthop- 

 Pseudoneuroptera, and Neuroptera, tl -is united with the subg. 



the two form the larger portion of tin the maxilla 1 1 1 he 



Stipes has no appendages ; but the palpifer on the one side, and the sub- 

 on the other, may become united to tin .vithout any trace of suture 



.lining, and their appendages will then appear to be borne by the st 

 Thu- 22 it appears to be the stipes that bears the galea, and tha: 



om the body. 



The I'dlpi/tr or palpus-bearer (c) is situated upon the later,:! 

 the stipes ; it does not, however, extend to the base of this organ, and frequently 

 projects distad beyond it. It is often much more developed on the d- 

 of the maxilla than on the ventral (Figs. 25 and 26). It can be readily distin- 

 guished when it is distinct by the insertion upon it of the appendage which 

 gives to it its name. 



The Mdxillary Pdlpus or feeler (d) is the most conspicuous of the appendages 

 of the maxilla. It is an organ composed of from one to six freely movable seg- 

 ments, and is articulated to the palpifer on the latero-distal angle of the 1 

 of the maxilla. 



The Sttbgdlea or helmet-bearer (c) when developed as a distinct sclerite is 

 most easily distinguished as the one that bears the galea. It bounds i 

 more or less completely on its mesal (inner) side, and is often directly connected 

 with the body by muscles. In many Coleoptera it is closely united to the 

 lacinia; this gives the lacinia the appearance of bearing the galea, and of b< 

 connected with the body (Fig. 28). In the Orthoptera, the Pseudoneurop 

 and the Neuroptera, the subgalea is united to the stipes; consequently in i 

 orders the stipes appears to bear the galea, and to be joined directly to the 

 body if any part besides the cardo is so connected. 



The Galea or helmet (/) is the second in prominence of the appendages of the 

 maxilla. It consists of one or two segments, and is joined to 

 the maxilla mesad of the palpus. The galea va \\- in 



form: it is often more or less flattened. wi:h the distal 

 merit concave, and overlapping the larinia like a hood. It 

 was this form that suggested the name galea or helmet. 

 In other cases the galea resembles a palpus in form 

 28). The also known as the outer lohe, the upper 



lobe, or the superior lobe. 



The Lacinia or blade {g} is borne on the mesal (inner) 

 Pic. a8.-Max.Ila of niargin of the subgalea. It is the cutting or chewing 

 Cidndtla. () f ljl( . m;ix jl]a ( a nd j s often furnished with teeth and B] 



The lacinia is also known u lobe, or the inferior lobe. 



The Dlgitusor finger (h) is a small appendage sometimes borne by the lacinia 

 at its distal end. In the Cicindelida- it is in the form of an articulated 

 (Fig. 28) ; but in certain other beetles it is more obviously one of thi- 

 ef the maxilla (Figs. 25 and 26). This part is sometimes termed the unguis, a 



