orders of bitir. D be but little doubt that certain men 



;e Orthoptera (the :i in 



stru< mdoubt- 



edh . structure Uian the Hemiptera; but the rder 



: the mouth-parts. The <: 

 of the orders of the Metabola is a much more 



difficult-. han that of the Ametabola. Of the live orders which con- 



stitute ti. s, entomologi^ hat the N the 



.iced highest with almost equal 



.imity; not only do these insects exhibit a very high decree of 

 but the development of the instinctive <1 by bees, wasps, 



and r than that attained by any other insects. '1 he Lrpidnp- 



unt of the atfinities between the 



and moths. On the other hand, tlie higher Lepidoptera and the Dip- 

 each other in the structure of the thorax. And the pupae of 



cidomyidae and Tipulidae) resemble more or k-ss the ; 

 of Lepidoptera. The Coleoptera ned to the next highest place, with the 



belief that their complexity of structure entitles them to this rank ; but with 

 no intention of suggesting affinities with the Hymenoptera on the one hand 

 or the Diptera on the other. 



ing the tabular statement of the more important charac- 

 rders of insects, there is given a table to aid the student 

 in classifying specimens. This table is purely artificial and includes 

 only adult insects. I have endeavored, however, to include in it all 

 of the aberrant forms, those which the young student would find 

 difficult to classify. 



tULAR STATKMF.NT OF THE MORE IMPORTANT CHARAC- 

 TERS OF THE ORDERS OF HEXAPODA. 



A. Y .vhich show no evidences of having descended from 



:.<.. in which the thorax is simple in structure), and which 

 undergo no metamorplio- />/</,/.> I. Ti 



n which this condition ifl the result 



of a :.ment. indicated by the complicated structure of the- 



nce of wi: allied forms. 



B. Insects with an incomplr' 



'louth-parts formed for biting ; />., with the mandibles and maxillae in 



.vo pairs of wings similar in structure, membra; 



II. I'M UDO KRA. 



DI ir of win-s parchment-like; the second pair membra- 



nor- In plaits longitudinally. III. ORTHOP 



CC. <-n those of the biting 



->f the sucking insects 1 tv~.,with bristle-like mandibles* 



and with flat, triangular maxillae. IV. PnvsoPODA. 



