HEMIPTERA. 133 



The reader should bear in mind that certain of the bird-lice, Mal- 

 idu, infest cattle, the horse, ass, sheep, dog, and cat. Those 



:s have been discussed in an earlier chapter. The true lice of 

 the genus Htcinatopinns can be recognized by the figures on the 

 two preceding pa. 



For the destruction of these pests upon cattle, poisonous sub- 

 CCS must not be used, as injury would result from the animals' 

 licking themselves. They may be safely treated by washing with a 

 strong infusion of tobacco leaves, or by rubbing with an ointment 

 made of one part sulphur and four parts lard, or by sprinkling with 

 Scotch snuff or powdered wood-ashes. The insecticide should be 

 applied thoroughly, leaving no spots untouched where the lice can 

 gather and remain, and from which they can spread over the body 

 n. The application should be repeated several times at inter- 

 vals of three or four days, in order to destroy the young which may 

 hatch after the first application. It is also nece;iry. in order to 

 make sure of eradicating the pests, to dress with similar agents, or 

 with strong lye, or kerosene, all places where the cattle have been in 

 the habit of rubbing, and the cracks in the stables where they have 

 stood : or to whitewash the stables and rubbing-places, 



Sub-Order II. -HOMOPTERA.* 



The Homoptera is that division of the Hemiptera in which the 

 wings are of the same thickness throughout, and. when at n>i. usu- 

 ally slope roof-like at the sides of the body. This sub-order 

 cha: (1 by the absence of a neck, and the position of the 



mouth-parts at the hinder part of the lower side of th So 



closely is the head applied to the thorax that usually the front coxse 

 articulate with the cheeks, and in many forms the mouth-part s ,ip- 



trom between the front ! 



Although the Homoptera is a well-marked group, so 

 that by some it is considered a distinct order, the families of whuh 



composed show great variations in structure, and n 

 velopment of the sp Some of the most i: 



problems presented by Entomology have arisen in the study of this 

 order. 



TABLE OF FAMILIES Ol II RA. 



A. Beak apparently arising from the sternum, or absent ; tarsi two- 



mac usually prominent and filiform, sometimes wan: 



inOplerm : komc .une; ftfro* (wr*,tor\ a wing. 



