HE. \riPTER A. 1/9 



The family has been divided in various ways by different writers. 

 It seems best to recognize in this place only two sub-families ; although 

 seven are proposed by Stal. These two sub-families can be distin- 

 guished as follow- : 



A. Ocelli placed on the front rim of the vertex close to the eyes, or on the 



front, but never on the disk of the vertex. I. JASSI 



AA. Ocelli placed upon the vertex. II. TETTIGONIN i 



Sub-Family I. 



The more important members of the Jassinae from an economic 

 standpoint are the following: 



The Destructive Leaf-hopper, Cicddula exitiosa. During t he- 

 winter of 1879-80 much damage was done to winter grain in the 

 Carolinas and Georgia by this species. It is a small, active, brownish 

 insect, which measures with its wings folded about 5 mm. (0.2 inch) in 

 length. Its general form is well indicated by the enlarged figure (Fig. 

 148). It is very quick, a good flyer, and a great jumper. 

 It injures grass or grain by piercing the midrib of the 

 leaf and sucking the juices from it. Upon the planta- 

 tion where I studied this insect there was observable a 

 most exact line between the eaten and uneaten portions of 

 the wheat-field. Instead of spreading themselves over 

 the field indiscriminately, or half eating a patch here and 

 there, the leaf-hoppers ate the wheat down to the ground 

 as they progressed. They are very shy, however, and fly F|G 8 _ 



iv on the least disturbance. Judging from the known , t7 ,' ?,,"/* 

 habits of allied species, the eggs are doubtless laid in the JfiV! 

 stems of grasses close to the ground. The young hoppers fs^ / 1 * 

 when hatched are almost i of the same appearance 



he old ones, except that they lack wings. The time occupied in 

 attaining full growth probably does not exceed a month, so : 

 there are several broods a year. These insects are readily .r 

 by light; and probably many of them could be destroyed by t; 

 lanterns, or by building bonl night. It is possible, also, that 



many could be destroyed by spraying with some of the alkaline or 

 other washes described in t ter on remedies. In those cases 



where the line of injur narked one, only a small part of 



the field would need to be sprayed. 



The Grape 1 hopper, Erythrontura :>//w. Tl 



