22 STUDIES OF TREES 



Range: Widely (listrihiitccl over nearly all of eastern 

 and central North America. 



Soil and location: (^irows on poor, gravelly soils as 

 well as in rich l)C)tt()ni lantls. 



Enemies: 1 he " cedar apple," commonly found on 

 this tree, rei)resents a stage of tlie apple rust, and for that 

 reason it is not desirable to plant such trees near orchards. 

 Its wood is also sometimes attacked by small boring insects. 



Value for planting: Its characteristic slender form 

 gives the red cedar an important place as an ornamental 

 tree, but its chief value lies in its commercial use. 



Commercial value: The wood is durable, light, smooth 

 and fragrant, and is therefore used for making lead-pencils, 

 caljinets, boxes, moth-proof chests, shingles, posts, and 

 telegraph poles. 



Other characters: The fruit is small, round and berry- 

 like, about the size of a pea, of dark blue color, and carries 

 from one to four bony seeds. 



Other common names : The red cedar is also often called 

 juniper and red juniper. 



Comparisons: The red cedar is apt to be confused 

 with the low juniper (Juniperus communis) which groAVS 

 in open fields all over the world. The latter, however, 

 is generally of a low form with a flat top. Its leaves are 

 pointed and prickly, never scale-like, and they are whitish 

 above and green below. Its bark shreds and its fruit is 

 a small round berry of agreeable aromatic odor. 



ARBOR- VITAE; NORTHERN WHITE CEDAR {Thuja occi- 



dentalis) 



Distinguishing characters : The branchlets are extremely 

 flat and fan-like, Fig. 13, and have an agreeable aromatic 



