102 MARINE BIOLOGY OF THE SUDANESE RED SEA. 



(3) in the spicules o£ the cortex of the main branches, which Jo not 



include any clubs or oval spinose bodies ; 



(4) inasmuch as from the canal-walls of S. ehretihergi only spindles 



are reported. 



V. The specimens agree with S. hemprichi in the following respects : 



(1) There are 5-7 pairs of anthocodial spicules in each double row 



and the uppermost pair project very slightly. It is to be 

 noted, however, that the number of paired spicules on the 

 two rows on the ventral surface of the polyp-head mav be 

 as few as two pairs. 



(2) The projecting spicule of the " Stiitzbiindel '" has a smooth tip. 



(3) The spicules of the canal-walls are, on the whole, similar. 



In S. hemprichi there are curved spindles, triradiates. and 

 small bodies beset with several prongs. 



(4) The spicules of the cortex are arranged transversely. 



(5) The polyp-spicnles are blood-red and the polyps yellowish. 



The only difference between Crossland's specimens and those described 

 by Kiikenthal lies in the general architecture, which is well represented 

 bv Klikenthal's drawing of S. ehrenbergi. They may be referred to the 

 urlioreseens type of S. hetnprichi, which Kiikenthal describes as transitional 

 between the glomerate and the divaricate mode of branching. 



Another specimen which is superficially very unlike the above, but closely 

 resembles Kliinzinger's figure of Spongodes hemprichi, is in its details so like 

 ■what we have described that we cannot but refer it to the same species, which, 

 therefore, includes two distinct modes of growth — that figured by Klunzinger 

 and the arhorescens type of Kiikenthal. 



A case like this leads us to feel the precariousness of a classification which 

 attaches much importance to modes of branching. 



Locality. — Shab Baya. near Rawaya. Previously recorded from Red Sea. 



Spongodes hartsieyeri, Kiihentlial. 



Two small rigid whitish colonies seem to be referable to this species, but 

 differ in having no coloured spicules and in having rougher " Stiitzbiindel "' 

 spicules. They are probably young colourless forms. 



Locality. — Khor Dongola. Previously recorded from the Red Sea. 



.Spongopes suESiANA,"n. sp. (Plate 5. fig. 1.) 



A brownish-yellow interesting colony of apparently glomerate type. It 

 resembles in general architecture Kiikenthal's Spongodes (Dendronephthya) 

 clavata (seeVersuch einer Revision der Alcyonaceen. Die Net)hthviden, 2'« Teil, 



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