studies on marine Ostraco<ls 315 



In the present work, on the other hand, tliis name is used for a smaller group which is 

 \\{A\ defined systematically, a group that in recent works has appeared under quite different 

 names. The following facts may probably show that this change of name is well grounded. 



The first author to denominate and describe scientifically a species belonging to the sub- 

 family Cypridininae — thus at the same time the first species belonging to Cypridiniformes, 

 cf. p. 165 above — was H. MiLNE Edwards. In a work that this author wrote in collaboration 

 with C4. P. Deshayes, published in 1838, there is mentioned cursorily on p. 178 an s t r a c o d 

 which differed so greatly from all the other forms of this group that were known at this time 

 — the genera Cypris and Cythere — that it seemed necessary to the former author to present 

 it as a representative of a new genus ,,sous le nom de C y p r i d i n e s". The ,, des- 

 cription detaillee" of this form that is promised in this work is to be found in Milne 

 Edwards's work „Histoire naturelle des Crustace s", vol III, 1840, p. 410. 

 Unfortunately this description is anything but ,, detaillee"; on the contrary it is very incomplete; 

 at any rate it does not permit of a certain identification of the species. 



Is it possible to identify this species of MiLNE EDWARDS' — Cypridina Reynaudi — 

 generically, or, to express it perhaps in a better way, to which species or group of species 

 now known is this species most closely related? 



In other words which forms ought now to have the name Cypridinat 



G. W. MOller, 1912, p. 52, includes this species under the heading: ,,Cypridini- 

 d a r u m genera d u b i a e t species d u b i a e", thus indicating that it is un- 

 identifiable both as a species and as a genus. — This may perhaps, however, be a rather 

 premature step. 



W. LILLJEBORG writes, 1876, p. 4: „Genom Professor S. LOVEXS godhet har jag blifvit i 

 tillfalle att taga kannedom om en i Indiska Oceanen tagen och for sin formaga att lysa i morkret 

 sarskildt anmarkt Cypridinid — utan tvifvel lefvande i ytan af hafvet — som sannolikt ar af 

 samma art som MiLNE Edwards' Cypridina Reynaudi, och som saledes torde kunna betraktas 

 som typ for det af samme forfattare uppstallda sliiktet Cypridina.''* This statement of 

 LiLLJEBORG's has up to now been neglected by writers on this subject presumably on account 

 of its being written in Swedish.** 



LlLlJEBORG does not give any figure or detailed description of the specimens of this 

 form investigated by him. Merely from a number of statements in the text there can, however, be 

 very little doubt that they belonged to the group of species that later on, in 1890, was distinguish- 

 ed by G. W. MOller as a new genus under the name Pyrocypris. I liave also been able to 

 verify this assumption by an examination of LiLLJEBORG's original preparations. 



Whether \X. LiLLJEBORG's identification of the species is correct is a question which 

 may be quite impossible to decide. On the other hand it is very likely that Cypridina Reynaudi 



* Translation: ,, Owing to Professor S. Lov^n's Icindness I have had the ojiportunily of becoming 

 acquainted with a Cypridinid caught in the Lidian Ocean and specially notable because of its power of shining 

 in the dark. It undoubledly lives near the surface of the sea and is probably of the same species as Mii.ne Edwards' 

 Cijpndina Reynaudi and thus may be looked upon as the type of the genus Cypridina which was established by the 

 same author." 



** This find was also mentioned by W. LiLLJEBonc, 1853, p. 170. 



