wet soil, underlaid with ledge, which had been more or less 
graveled but which was always muddy in the spring. The 
surface was hollowing with the water running in the centre of 
the road. The location was central with reference to college 
property and needed improvement. At this point water from 
the college reservoir was available for sprinkling. 
SURVEY 
As the bounds of the road were not well defined at this point, 
the general course of centre line was noted for several hundred 
feet either side of the portion selected and a more or less com- 
_ + - 3_ H- - - 7-fe-- - - + - — 7-fe'— - - -1- - 3---t- - 
GRAPE 
Plate 1.— Cross-section cf Roail. 
plete survey was made for 400 feet as follows : Ten and one- 
half feet were laid off either side of the centre line and stakes, 
three feet in length, were firmly driven opposite each other 
every twenty-five feet on these side lines. Levels were taken 
in the centre of the road between each pair of side stakes and 
also at side stakes themselves. The results were plotted upon 
cross section paper and suitable grades established, one- 
twentieth being the maximum allowable. The computed heights 
of the several stations were theu transferred to the side stakes 
and plainly marked thereon by horizontal lines. A string 
twenty-one feet in length connecting the marks on two opposite 
side stakes would then at any time indicate the proper height 
of road bed at centre. As the string could be replaced at 
pleasure it caused no inconvenience daring the construction. 
Commencing at the westerly end four grades were established, 
level for 25 feet; grade of one-twentieth for 125 feet; of 
one-fiftieth for 75 feet ; level for remaining distance. Plate 
1 shows the cross section of completed road, — slope from centre 
to sides being one-fifteenth. 
