In the first year of operation 61,376 half pints were sold in 6 machines ; 

 last year, 133,916 half pints, and this past year, 134,848 half pints were 

 sold in the 13 machines. The machines also are used for Summer School 

 and conferences, and the total sales to date has been 344,952 half pints of 

 homogenized milk, chocolate milk, and coffee milk. The containers with 

 coffee milk were added to the list in November, 1953. Over 86,000 quarts 

 of milk were sold ; nearly all of this can be considered as additional usage. 



This year with three types of milk in the machines, the girls used 43.1 

 percent plain, 35.1 percent chocolate, and 21.8 percent coffee; the boys used 

 30.4 percent plain, 43.8 percent chocolate, and 25.8 percent coffee. Last 

 year the girls used 51.9 percent plain and 48.1 percent chocolate, while the 

 boys used 32.8 percent plain and 67.2 percent chocolate. 



The consumption per student per day last year was 0.27 of a bottle 

 and this year it was 0.29 of a bottle. The consumption in the girls' dormi- 

 tories was 0.41 of a bottle last year and 0.46 of a bottle this year. In the 

 boys' dormitories the consumption was 0.22 of a bottle for both years. The 

 greater consumption on the part of the girls can be explained largely by the 

 fact that in two dormitories the girls do some cooking, and the consumption 

 per girl in these dormitories was 0.80 and 0.61 of a bottle per day. In a 

 dormitory where all the girls are freshmen and are required to eat in the 

 University Dining Hall, the consumption was 0.26 of a bottle per day. 



A cone paper bottle with a cover cap is used at a cost of about 2.15 

 cents per unit. Depreciation and repairs to date has been about 0.5 cents 

 per unit, leaving 7.35 cents per bottle to cover cost of servicing the machines 

 and for the milk. Most of this time the price of a half pint of milk delivered 

 has been 6.5 cents, and if we assume we can process and deliver a unit to 

 to these machines for 6.5 cents, it leaves a profit of 0.85 cents per unit sold 

 in the machines. 



Sales of soft drinks for the college year 1952-53 in the dormitories 

 dropped 33.9 percent compared with the previous year when 6 milk ma- 

 chines were in operation. When compared with the sales of soft drinks in 

 1950-51, when no milk vending machines were in operation, the drop in 

 sales of soft drinks last year was 59.1 percent. 



H. C. Moore 



More Extensive Use of Grass Silage for Dairy Calves and Heifers 



The possibility of using grass silage more extensively in feeding dairy 

 cattle is being studied. Twelve Holstein and 12 Guernsey heifers are being 

 fed from a few days of age to calving on milk replacement, a limited amount 

 of concentrate mixture, and one of the following roughage combinations : 

 grass silage alone, grass silage plus limited hay, grass silage plus corn silage, 

 grass silage plus corn silage plus limited hay. The concentrate part of the 

 ration of each animal consists of 200 pounds dry calf starter and 300 pounds 

 16 percent dairy grain mixture. The maximum amount fed per day is 2.5 

 pounds and no grain at all is fed after the animals are 9-10 months of age. 

 This type of feeding program was planned in order to bring out maximum 

 differences between roughage combinations and also to determine what 

 gains can be obtained when limited amounts of grain are fed. 



Results to date indicate that good quality grass silage can be fed suc- 

 cessfully to young dairy calves. No benefit has been observed from feeding 

 hay and grass silage to the Guernseys, but the Holsteins receiving limited 



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