CHAP. iv.J THE CRUISES OF THE ' PORCUPINE: 179 



of the first cruise, at a time when both Dr. Carpenter 

 and I were occupied with our official work. A young 

 Swedish naturalist, Mr. Joshua Lindabl of the Uni- 



: versity of Lund, accompanied him as zoological 

 ! assistant, and Mr. W. L. Carpenter took charge of 



the chemical department. It was arranged that Mr. 

 Jeffreys' cruise should extend from Palmouth to 



1 Gibraltar. Dr. Carpenter and I were to have re- 

 lieved him at Gibraltar, meeting the vessel there, and 

 to have worked together as we did the year before; 

 but I was unfortunately laid up with an attack of 

 fever, and the whole charge of the last cruise in the 

 Mediterranean rested with Dr. Carpenter. Owing to 

 I this untoward circumstance, I must give at second- 

 hand the brief account of the first part of the work 

 of the year 1870 which is necessary to complete the 

 j sketch of what has been done towards the illus- 

 jtration of the condition and fauna of the North 

 Atlantic. In the Mediterranean Dr. Carpenter found 

 jthe conditions of temperature and of the distribu- 

 jtion of animal life entirely exceptional, as might 

 j have been to a certain extent anticipated from the 

 .exceptional circumstances of that land-locked sea. 

 |The investigation of 1870 can only be said to have 

 (broken ground towards the solution of a series of 

 (very special and peculiar problems ; and I am not 

 fan a position to go farther at present than to indicate 

 irche general results at which my colleague has arrived. 

 The ' Porcupine ' left Ealmouth on the 4th of July, 

 ibut was detained in the Channel for several days by 

 [fogs and contrary winds. On the 7th of July, they 

 [peached the slope from the plateau of the Channel to 

 jthe deep water of the Atlantic, and took a first haul 



1ST 9 



