192 THE DESCENT OF MAN. 



excellent observer, Dr. Lund,* that the human skulls 

 found in the caves of Brazil, entombed with many extinct 

 mammals, belonged to the same type as that now prevail- 

 ing throughout the American Continent. 



Our naturalist would then perhaps turn to geographical 

 distribution, and he would probably declare that those 

 forms must be distinct species, which differ not only in 

 appearance, but are fitted for hot, as well as damp or dry 

 countries, and for the Arctic regions. He might appeal to 

 the fact that no species in the group next to man namely, 

 the Quadrumana, can resist a low temperature, or any con- 

 siderable change of climate; and that the species which 

 come nearest to man have never been reared to maturity, 

 even under the temperate climate of Europe. He would 

 be deeply impressed with the fact, first noticed by Agassiz, f 

 that the different races of man are distributed over the 

 world in the same zoological provinces as those inhabited 

 by undoubtedly distinct species and genera of mammals. 

 This is manifestly the case with the Australian, Mongolian, 

 and Negro races of man; in a less well-marked manner 

 with the Hottentots; but plainly with the Papuans and 

 Malays, who are separated, as Mr. Wallace has shown, by 

 nearly the same line which divides the great Malayan and 

 Australian zoological provinces. The Aborigines of America 



Races," Eng. translat., 1864, p. 50), that lie was far from finding 

 recognizable representations of the dozen or more nations which 

 some authors believe that they can recognize. Even some of the 

 most strongly-marked races cannot be identified with that degree of 

 unanimity which might have been expected from what has been 

 written on the subject. Thus Messrs. Nott and Gliddon (" Types of 

 Mankind," p. 148), state that Rauieses II, or the Great, has features 

 superbly European; whereas Knox, another firm believer in the 

 specific distinctness of the races of man (" Races of Man," 1850, p. 

 201), speaking of young Memnon (the same as Rameses II, as I am 

 informed by Mr. Birch), insists in the strongest manner that he is 

 identical in character with the Jews of Antwerp. Again, when I 

 looked at the statue of Amunoph III, I agreed with two officers of 

 the establishment, both competent judges, that he had a strongly- 

 marked negro type of features; but Messrs. Nott and Gliddon (ibid, 

 p. 146, fig. 53), describe him as a hybrid, but not of "negro inter- 

 mixture." 



* As quoted by Nott and Gliddon, ' ' Types of Mankind," 1854, p. 439. 

 They give also corroborative evidence; but C. Vogt thinks that the 

 subject requires further investigation. 



f" Diversity of Origin of the Human Races," in the " Christtas 

 Examiner," July, 1850. 



