SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERS. 639 



of India beards disappear, as with the Siamese, Malays, 

 Kalmucks, Chinese, and Japanese; nevertheless the Ainos,* 

 who inhabit the northernmost islands of the Japan Archi- 

 pelago, are the hairiest men in the world. With negroes 

 the beard is scanty or wanting, and they rarely have 

 whiskers; in both sexes the body is frequently almost des- 

 titute of fine down.f On the other hand, the Papauns of 

 the Malay Archipelago, who are nearly as black as negroes, 

 possess well-developed beards. J In the Pacific Ocean the 

 inhabitants of the Fiji Archipelago have large bushy 

 beards, while those of the not distant archipelagoes of 

 Tonga and Samoa are beardless; but these men belong to 

 distinct races. In the Ellice group all the inhabitants 

 belong to the same race; yet on one island alone, namely 

 Nunemaya, "the men have* splendid beards;' while on 

 the other islands " they have., as a rule, a dozen straggling 

 hairs for a beard. " 



Throughout the great American continent the men may 

 be said to be beardless; but in almost all the tribes a few 

 short hairs are apt to appear on the face, especially in old 

 age. With the tribes of North America, Catlin estimates 

 that eighteen out of twenty men are- completely destitute 

 by nature of a beard; but occasionally there may be seen a 

 a man who has neglected to pluck out the hairs at puberty, 

 with a soft beard an inch or two in length. The Guaranys 

 of Paraguay differ from all the surrounding tribes in hav- 

 ing a small beard, and even some hair on the body, but no 

 whiskers. || I am informed by Mr. D. Forbes, who par- 

 ticularly attended to this point, that the Aymaras and 



* Quatrefages, "Revue des Cours Scientifiques," Aug. 29, 1868, p. 

 630; Vogt, " Lectures on Man," Eng. translat., p. 127. 



f On the beards of negroes, Vogt, " Lectures," etc., p. 127; Waitz, 

 * l Introduct. to Anthropology," Eng. translat., 1863, vol. i, p. 96. It 

 is remarkable that in the United States (" Investigations in Military 

 and Anthropological Statistics of American Soldiers," 1869, p. 569), 

 the pure negroes and their crossed offspring seem to have bodies 

 almost as hairy as Europeans. 



t Wallace, " The Malay Arch.," vol. ii, 1869, p. 178. 



Dr. J. Barnard Davis on " Oceanic Races," in " Anthropolog, 

 Review," April, 1870, pp. 185, 191. 



|| Catlin, " North American Indians," 3d edit., 1842, vol. ii, p. 227. 

 On the Guaranys, see Azara, " Voyages dans 1'Amerique Merid.," 

 torn, ii., Ib09, p. 58; also Rengger, "Saugethiere von Paraguay/' 



