72 Beport of the Bilharzia Mission in Egijpt, 1915 



interfere with the steps proposed. The main crops in Egypt are 

 cotton, wheat, clover, and maize. Wheat and clover are winter 

 and spring crops, and are harvested by May. Cotton occupies the 

 land from April until October. Maize is a "catch" crop, sown 

 late in July and harvested in October. Apparently the chief crop 

 under cultivation during June and July is cotton. Cotton is not 

 grown annually. On the best land it can be grown every alternate 

 summer, but it is usually planted once in three years on the same 

 land. 



Dates op Sowing and Harvesting in Lower Egypt. 



Solving. 



March to April 



May to June 



June to July 

 July to August 



Sept. to Nov. 



Cotton. 

 Lucerne. 

 Earthnuts. 

 Henna. 

 Onions. 



Summer melons. 

 Sugar-cane. 

 Summer rice. 



Flood melons. 

 Maize. 

 Millet. 

 Flood rice. 

 Berseem (clover) 



Harvesting. 

 March to April . . Flax 

 April 



Oct. to Nov. . . Lupins. 



Flax. 



Nov. to Dec. . . Wheat. 



Barley. 

 Beans. 



April to May 



May 



June 



July 



July to August 



Sept. to Nov. 



Sept. to Dec. 

 Oct. to Nov. 



Nov. to Dec. 



Nov. to JIarch 

 Nov. to May 



Fenugreek and 

 lupins. 



Barley. 



Wheat. 



Seed berseem. 



Onions. 



Summer melons. 



Summer rice. 



Dates — cotton. 



Henna. 



Maize. 



Sesame. 



Melons. 



Maize. 



Millet. 



Earthnuts. 



Sugar-cane. 



Green berseem. 



On the simple three years' rotation usual in Egypt the land is 

 divided into three parts, and placed under wheat, clover, and cotton. 

 Wheat and clover being winter crops are harvested before June, 

 and the land is left in bare fallow until the following February, 

 unless a catch crop of maize is interposed at the beginning of 

 August. We see from this that at the present time two-thirds of 

 the land is annually in bare fallow during June and July, while 

 the remaining third is under cotton. 



Turning now to fig. 36, it will be observed that May, June and 

 July are the months in which humidity reaches its lowest point, and 

 the temperature attains its maximum, consequently evaporation is 

 most rapid at this time. The climatic and agricultural conditions 

 in Egypt are therefore most favourable for a campaign against the 



