142 EMPLOYERS AND WORKMEN 



best where the minds of all the workers are free 

 to study how their work can be better done, 

 to find processes by which work may be expe- 

 dited or cheapened. This implies the confidence 

 of one workman in another, reliance on com- 

 munity of feeling — which is discipline. That 

 discipline, in a properly trained army, has be- 

 come a habit. 



There is also another feeling most important, 

 when workmen are becoming part owners where 

 they work, and that is a deep sense of the value 

 of, and necessity for, justice ; in each workman 

 a desire for justice, justice for the organiser and 

 leader, justice for fellow-workmen, and no more 

 than justice for himself. Where can that be 

 learned better than at the outset of life, when 

 the very idea of the service a youth gives his 

 country is based on the notion of justice for all 

 alike ? This may be an ideal, but it is by 

 having such ideals, and striving after them, that 

 nations advance. 



Next we take the Aliens Act. It is, of course, 

 essential to the success of general co-operation 

 that there should be no difficulty in getting work. 

 An Aliens Act would contribute to this, as 

 already shown, and as every one perceives. It 

 is not necessary to repeat what has been said 

 in the second chapter on this point — all of it holds 

 good here ; but there is an important additional 

 point. Suppose co-operation to be general in 

 this country, and aliens to enter the country 

 freely ; then those aliens, if skilled workmen, 

 would largely become part owners of property 



