Chap. IV.] 



THE ORBIT AND EYE. 



55 



these on the upper lid, deeper and more marked than 



the rest, divides the lid into two parts, the part below 



being that that covers the globe, the part above being 



that in relation with the 



soft structures of the 



orbit. In emaciation 



the lid becomes much . 



sunken in the line of "* 



this fold. Incisions 



should follow the direc- 



tion of these folds. The 



lids are very freely sup- 



plied with blood, and 



are often the seat of 



nsevi and other vascular 



growths. Rodent ulcer 



so frequently attacks this 



part that it was origi- 



nally known as " Jacob's 



ulcer of the eyelid." 



The following layers 

 are found in either lid 

 in order : (1) The skin; 

 (2) the subcutaneous 

 tissue; (3) the orbicu- 

 laris palpeferarum ; (4) 

 the tarsal cartilage and 

 ligament ; (5) the layer 

 of Meibomian glands ; 

 and (6) the conjunctiva. ri ?; 11< ^ e ^ ti 1 c / ,r 1 , 



\ ' J Upper Eyelid. (After Waldeyer. 



In the upper lid the 



a 



18 



Skin; 6% orbicularis6 , >its ciliary part . 



c involuntary muscle of eyelid ; d, con- 

 junctiva; , tarsal cartilage; /, Meibo- 

 raian gland ; g, modified sweat gland; 

 h, eyelashes ; { post tarsal glands. 



fnnnrl TVTQcn'rxr ir\ fLa 

 tlie 



tarsal cartilage. The 

 subcutaneous tissue is very lax, and hence the lids 

 swell greatly when osdematous, or when inflamed, 

 and when the seat of hsemorrhai^e. On this 



