34 



a clnlA was born alive without any brain, cere, 

 bellum or medulla oblongata ; the skull being solid; 

 nor had it any communication with the spinal mar- 

 row. Mr. du Verney took out the brain and cere- 

 bellum of a pigeon, yet it lived and walked about. 

 Mons. Chirac took out the brain of a dog ; yet he 

 lived. On taking out the cerebellum he seemed dead 

 but revived, when he blew into the lungs, and conti- 

 nued alive an hour. Nay, there are many instances 

 of insects living a long time, after their head is cutoff. 

 Hence it appears, that the spinal marrow alone may, 

 for a season, suffice both for life, sensation, and 

 motion. 



Are there distinct provisions for the vital or spon. 

 taneous, and for the animal or voluntary actions ? 

 And does the cerebellum furnish the heart, and other 

 vital organs with nerves, while the brain supplies 

 the nerves, which go out to the organs of sense 

 and voluntary motion ? This is an elegant system, 

 but is every where confuted by anatomy. From 

 the cerebellum, the fifth pair of nerves is manifestly 

 produced, but this goes to the tongue, to the muscles 

 of the outward ear, of the eye, and of the nose, which 

 are parts, all of them either moved by the will, or 

 else destined tp sensation. Again, from one and the 

 same nerve there are vital branches sent to the heart 

 and lungs, and others that are animal and voluntary 

 to the larynx, or sensitive in the stomach. Lastly, 

 the repeated accounts of injuries to the cerebellum, 

 being so speedily fatal, are not altogether true, for 

 that both wounds and scirrhosities of this part have 

 been sustained without any fatality to the patient, may 

 be affirmed by certain experience. 



22. The eyes next offer themselves to our obser- 

 vation, guarded by the eye-lids, eye-lashes, and eye- 

 brows. Tbc eye-lids consist of the cuticle, the skin, 

 a thin expansion of the panniculus carnosus, and an 

 inward coat. A palisade 01 short, but stilt hairs grows 

 out of iheir cartilaginous e ge, both to break the to*) 

 fierce impression of the rays of light, and to prevent 



