156 



food (perhaps medicine too) avoiding such as tend to 

 hurt or destroy them. And ail this principally by the 

 smell, together with its near ally, the taste. 



The Tarious forms of the Teeth in various creatures, 

 is another instance of the Divine wisdom. How cu. 

 riously are they adapted to the peculiar food and occa- 

 sion of each species ! Thus in the rapacious, they are 

 fitted to catch and hold their prey ; in the herbaceous, 

 to gather and chew vegetables. In those which have 

 no teeth, as birds, the bill supplies that defect, to- 

 gether \vith their additional stomach. And it is a re- 

 mark which hardly fails, alHruch animals as have four 

 stomachs have no teeth at all. 



There are great varieties in the teeth of other ani- 

 mals : trout have teeth upon their tongues; cod-fish at 

 the bottom of their gullet. Crocodiles have three rows 

 of teeth on the same jaw ; sharks four or five : sea- 

 devils, so called, have several rows of moveable teeth, 



7. The variation of the Wind-pipe in various crea- 

 tures is likewise observable, as it is necessary for that 

 of the voice. In a hedge-hog, which has a very small 

 voice, it is hardly more than membranous. In a 

 pigeon, which has a low soft note, it is partly inem- 

 braneousj^partly cartilaginous. In an owl, which has 

 a good audible note, it is more cartilaginous : but 

 that of a jay (as of a linnet) lias bones instead of 

 cartilages. 



The rings of the wind-pipe likewise are fitted for 

 the modulation of the voice ; for in dogs and cats, 

 which uso a great many notes, they are (as in man) 

 open and flexible, whereby all or any of them is moj'e 

 or less dilated or contracted, in order to a deeper or 

 shriller note. But they are one entire ring in the 

 Japan peacock, which uses one single note. 



8. As to the Motions of brutes it is not easy to 

 conceive that even those of the vegetative kind, can 

 be the mere mechanical effects of matter, however modi* 

 fial much less can we coiiceive this of their sensitive 



