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the leaf, so far from the edge that he can reach it with 

 his head. Turning himself round, he then brings the 

 edge of the leaf to the point just opposite to it. It 

 next draws lines from the edge of this leaf to that point, 

 and doing this all the way along the leaf, its narrow- 

 ness toward the point makes it form a close case there. 

 It strengthens the first bending of the leaf, by many 

 parallel threads, and then fastening other threads to 

 the back part of the leaf, draws them as tight as it can. 

 The case is then formed : the same method repeated 

 makes the additional cases, five or six over each other. 

 And every one of these is sufficiently strong, so as to 

 make the inner ones useless. He then enters his cell, 

 and undergoes his change. Mean time his covering 

 serves him also for food ; for so long as he has need 

 to eat, he may feed upon the walls of his castle, all of 

 which may be eaten away except the outer one of all. 

 Probably every caterpillar makes his case thick enough 

 to serve the necessary calls of his future hunger. 



Many species of butterflies lay a great number of 

 eggs in the same place. These all hatch very nearly 

 at the same time ; and one would naturally suppose 

 that the young brood of ail would be inclined to con- 

 tinue arid live together ; but it is not so, the different 

 species have different inclinations. Some keep to- 

 gether from the time they are hatched till they change 

 intoaurelia, others separate as soon as able to crawl, 

 and hunt their fortune single, and others live in com-- 

 munity till a certain time, and then each shifts lor itself. 

 Those that live wholly together, begin by forming a 

 line with their little bodies upon a leaf, their heads all 

 standing even, and in this manner they move and eat 

 together ; and often there are several ranges ot this 

 sort, which make so many phalanxes, and eat into the 

 leaf they stand on with perfect equality. 



Many do this while young, who when they grow 

 large make one rormnon habitation, surrounded by a 

 web, which is the joint- work of all ; within which, 



ch has a nest of its own spinning. 



When t*hey have made their common lodging, each- 



