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like earth. Next this, for the depth of three inches, we 

 find leaves that are fair to the eyp, but mil not bear a 

 tottoh. With these are sometimes mixed heaps of seed, 

 which seem to be broom or furze seed : nay, in one 

 place what seemed to be gooseberries and currants, 

 was found, and sea-weed in others. Under this was 

 blue clay half a foot thick, thoroughly mixed with shells, 

 as was also the marie, which lay next, three or four feet 

 deep. They are shells of periwinkles 5 and among 

 these are large horns and bones answerable thereto. 

 But it is not only in bogs that subterraneous trees are 

 found ; nor in Ireland only, but in many parts of Eng- 

 land. At Youle, about twelve miles from York, near 

 the place where the Dun empties itself into the Humber, 

 abundance of them have been dug up from time to 

 time, all of which are a species of fir. In the Isle of 

 Axholme, in Lincolnshire, not firs only, but abundance 

 of oaks are found in the Moor, whereof some are five 

 yards hi compass, with quantities of acorns near them. 

 The firs lie somewhat deeper than the oaks ; one of them 

 was about thirty-six yards long. The adjoining levels 

 '(about 180,000 acres) were half of them yearly covered 

 \vith water, till King Charles T. sold them to Sir 

 Cornelius Vermuyden, who drained them at the charge 

 of above a400,000. In the soil^of all this land, through 

 all Marshland, and on the skirts of all the Lincolnshire 

 and Yorkshire wolds, are found millions of roots and 

 bodies of trees, firs, oaks, birch, beech, yew, willow, 

 and ash. The roots stand in their natural postures, as 

 thick as ever they could grow. The bodies of most of 

 the great trees lie all their length about a yard from 

 their roots, with their tops north-east. The smaller lie 

 across in every direction, some under, some above them. 

 Some of the oaks are thirty, some thirty-five yards 

 long, yet wanting some yards at the small ends. They 

 are firm, lasting, and as black as ebony. Many of them 

 have been burnt, some quite through, some on one side. 

 Some have been found chopped awd squared, some 

 bored through, some half cleft with great wooden 

 wedges in them, and broken axe heads, shaped not un- 



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