Reflections upon the Ancients and Moderns, cites this 

 passage of Servetus, in which he distinguishes three 

 sorts of spirits of the human body, and says, " that 

 blood, which he calls a vital spirit, is dispersed through 

 the body by the anastomosis, or mutual insertion of 

 two vessels, at therr extremities, into one another." 

 Where it deserves observation, that Servetus is the first 

 who employed that term to express the communication 

 between the veins and arteries, He makes the u ex- 

 panded air in the lungs contribute to the formation of 

 blood, which cornes to them from the right ventricle 

 of the heart by the canal of the pulmonary artery." 

 He says, " that the blojd is there refined and perfect- 

 ed by the action of the air, which subtilizes it, and 

 blends itself with that vital spirit, which the expanded 

 heart then receives as a fluid proper to carry life every 

 -where." He maintains that this conveyance and man- 

 ner of preparing the blood in the lungs, is evident from 

 the junction of the veins with the? arteri -s in this viscus.- 

 And he concludes with saying, u th/it 'he hra>t having 

 received the blood thus prepared by the 1 ngs, semis 

 it forth again by the artery of its left ventricle, ca led 

 the aorta, which disfributes it into ill parts of the 

 bo.ly." Andreas Cesalpinus, wao i*ved Hkew;be ia 

 the sixteenth century, hai-'i tvvo passages which com- 

 pletely contain all that we know about the circulation 

 or the blood. He explains at lenth, 4i how the blood 

 gushing from the right ventricle of the heart through 

 the pulmonary artery, to pass iufcj the lungs, enters 

 by an anastomosis into the pulmonary veins, to be 

 conveyed to the Jefr ventricle of the heart, and af 

 terwanis distributed by the aorta into all parts of the 

 body?' 



9. Johannos Leoniccntis says, that the famous Paul 

 Sarpi, otherwise named Father Paul, was he who dis- 

 covered the circulatijn of the blood } and first discern- 

 ed the valves of the veins, waic.; like the suckers of a 

 pump, opnn to let the bljodpays, but shut to prevent 

 its return ; and that he communicated this secret ta 

 B 4 



