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16. Another kind of work, of affinity to painting, 

 ami which deserves to find a place here, is the mosaic, 

 which the Romans made use of in paving their apart- 

 ments. One of the most beautiful monuments of that 

 kind, and elegantly described by Pliny, was found 

 some years ago in the ruins of Adrian's famous country^ 

 seat at Tivilo. It represents a bason of water, with four 

 pigeons around the brim of it,oneof which is drinking, 

 and in that attitude its shadow appears in the wa 

 ter. Pliny in the same place says, that on the same 

 pavement the breaking up of an entertainment was so> 

 naturally represented, that you would have thought 

 you really saw the^cattered fragments, 



17. Music is as ancient as the world. It seems 

 to have been born with man, to accompany him in his 

 painful career, to sweeten his labours, and charm 

 away his cares* This was its first employmeut. It 

 was afterwards consecrated to divine service, and 

 having thus risen in its dignity, became of principal 

 account among the people, in accompanying the tra- 

 ditional narratives, relative to the characters and ex- 

 ploits of iV.'ir ancestors. Hence it came to be the 

 first science wherein their children were instructed. 

 Music, and poetry its ally, accompanied all their stu- 

 dies. They even deified those, who first distinguished 

 themselves in it; Apollo was of this number. Or- 

 pheus, Amphion, and Linus, for their eminent talents 

 in this art, were accounted more than men. Philoso- 

 phers applied themselves to it ; Pythagoras, Socrates, 

 and Plato, recommend it as worthy of being cultivated, 

 not only by their disciples, but by the best regulated 

 states. The Grecians and particularly the Arcadians, 

 enacted the study of it by law ; regarding it as indis- 

 pensably necessary to the common welfare. A science 

 so generally cultivated, should have arrived at per- 

 fection very early ; yet did it continue in a state of 

 imbecility and without principles till the times of Py- 

 thagoras. We have seen before in what manner this 

 great man first determined its fundamental rules. 



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