2O 



double heads are mostly colorless. Small oval or lenticular spicules are found on the polyp 

 bodies and smaller ones in the tentacles. These intergrade with the club-stars, many of which 

 are found in the polyp walls. 



Color. The colony described is a coral red. The exterior of the axis is olive and 

 the interior is white. Spicules yellow and white. Other specimens are yellow. 



General distribution. The type locality is the Indian Ocean. It has also been 

 reported, probably erroneously, from the West Indies. It seems to have a wide range in the 

 East Indies. 



This species is typically dichromatic, red and yellow colonies of apparently the 'same age 

 and from the same station being found. Other specimens are nearly white, in alcohol. Still 

 others are salmon color, and some are deep crimson. 



A specimen about 5 cm. long from station 164 is found with others much larger. It 

 has the calyces laterally disposed and resembles some of the so-called species described as 

 new by previous writers. This intergrades completely with typical specimens as described above, 

 and from the same station. There seems no doubt that a number of specific descriptions have 

 been based on young specimens. 



2. Juncella gemmacea (Valenciennes). Plate IV, figs, i, i a. 



Gorgonia gemmacea Valenciennes. Manuscript in coll. of Museum, Paris, (fide Wright and 



Studer). 



Juncella vimen Valenciennes. Comptes rendus, XLI, 1856, p. 14. 



Verrucella gemmacea Milne Edwards et Haime. Histoire Naturelle des Coralliaires, I, 1857, p. 185. 

 Juncella gemmacea Kolliker. Icones Histiologicae, 1865, p. 140. 

 Ellisella gemmacea Gray. Catalogue Lithophytes British Museum, 1870, p. 26. 

 Juncella gemmacea Klunzinger. Corallenthiere des Rothen Meeres, I, 1877 79, p. 53. 

 Juncella gemmacea Studer. Monatsbericht der Konigl. Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 



1878, p. 659. 



Juncella gemmacea Ridley. Collection H. M. S. Alert, Alcyonaria, 1884, p. 346. 

 Juncella gemmacea Wright and Studer, Challenger Reports, the Alcyonaria, 1889, p. 158. 

 Juncella gemmacea Thomson and Henderson. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Report, Alcyonaria, 



^OS, p- 313- 



Stat. 273. Anchorage off Pulu Jedan, East coast of Aru Islands. 13 meters. 

 Stat. 299. Lat. io52'.4S., i23i'.iE. 34 meters. 



Colony subflabellate in form, attaining a height of 25.5 cm. The first forking occurs 

 4.5 cm. above the base. Each of the resulting branches forks about 3.5 cm. above its origin. 

 The whole colony is regularly dichotomous in its branching, branchings of the io th order being 

 attained. The average distance between forkings is perhaps 2 cm., although there is considerable 

 variation in this respect. As in many other cases of dichotomous branching it is possible to 

 regard the branchlets as all springing from one side of a sinuous branch. This is true in some 

 but not all of the branches. The writer thinks it possible that Juncella racemosa Wright and 

 Studer (Challenger Report, p. 159) is this species, and that these authors have taken this view 

 of what I believe to be dichotomous branching. 



The basal part of the stem is devoid of ccenenchyma, the axis being 3.2 mm. in 



