21 



diameter. The largest branch is nearly round in section and 4.5 mm. in diameter. This diameter 

 is fairly well maintained throughout the median portions of the colony. In general there is a 

 tendency to a flattening of the branches, although this is due more to the median grooves, 

 which extend in the mid-anterior and mid-posterior surfaces of all of the branches, than to any 

 real flattening of the branches. The terminal twigs are from 2.8 cm. to 7 cm. in length. The 

 calyces are evenly and thickly distributed on all sides of the branches except along the narrow 

 but evident median lines, resembling in their distribution those of species of Eunicea^ for 

 instance-, being so closely packed as to be usually contiguous. In some places they show a 

 strong tendency to an arrangement in spirals or oblique rows. On twigs they are arranged in 

 oblique rows of three or four on each side. 



The individual calyces are stout club-shaped, with their distal swollen portions abruptly 

 bent toward the branch and their apertures facing the latter. A typical one measures a trifle 

 over 2 mm. in height and 1.3 mm. in its greatest diameter. The adcauline wall is less than 

 i mm. in height. In lateral view a slight appearance of lobulation of the margins is seen. 

 The tentacles are armed with small club-shaped spicules. 



A cross section of the axis shows much the same features as in J. juncea, except that 

 there is a less symmetrical and regular alternation of calcareous and horny rings, the appear- 

 ance being more like that of the outer portions of the axis of Plexaurella. 



Spicules. These are mainly of two sorts, which however intergrade. I st a double 

 headed spicule with one head like a many-rayed star and the other oval or almost equally 

 round, but with distally directed imbricating spines. These intergrade completely with typical 

 double stars, much less numerous than the double heads. 



Color. The colony is a light tan, or yellowish brown. 



General distribution. The type locality is the Red Sea. Also reported from Ceylon 

 and the Indian Ocean. 



3. jfuncella racemosa Wright and Studer. 



Juncella racemosa Wright and Studer. Challenger Reports, the Alcyonaria, 1889, p. 159. 

 Juncella racemosa Thomson and Simpson. Alcyonaria of the Indian Ocean, II, 1909, p. 268. 



Stat. 99. 6 7'-5N., 120 26' E. 16 23 meters. 



Stat. 164. i42'.5 S., 1 30 47'. 5 E. 32 meters. 



Stat. 258. Tual Anchorage, Kei Islands. 22 meters. 



Stat. 260. 536'.5S., I3255'.2E. 90 meters. 



Stat. 310. 8 30' S., H97i'.5E. 73 meters. 



Colony subflabellate, straggling in habit, 38 cm. in height, branching dichotomously. 

 The first forking is 7 cm. above the base. The main stem is mostly decorticated and has a 

 diameter of 3,3 mm. The branches are dichotomous, or unilateral according to interpretation \ 



1 It seems to the writer that there is much confusion over this point. He would call the branching unilateral when the main 

 branch is straight (not undulating) and bears branchlets on one side only. When the main branch is regularly undulating and sends 

 forth branches from the knees of the undulations the branching is dichotomous. 



As a good illustration of the former Ctenoctlla may be cited, while the present species is an excellent illustration of the latter. 



