44 Grape Culture. 



application of sulphur to the pipes until after stoning, as the 

 skin of the grape is not then so tender, and therefore not so 

 easily injured. 



Mrs. Pearson is very difficult to grow on account of its 

 being subject to attacks of rust, as are also Muscats, Fron- 

 tignan, and Duchess of Buccleuch. 



SCALDING. 



Scalding generally occurs when the berries are about half 

 grown. Just about the time when they are finishing stoning 

 the berries suddenly become depressed on one side and appear 

 as if they had been scalded with hot water. Scalding is not 

 confined to bunches that are exposed to the sun, as many of 

 the bunches are hanging where the sun's rays never touch 

 them. Sometimes it happens that only a few berries here and 

 there are affected. On the other hand a whole house has been 

 known to be destroyed by scalding. In the above case it was 

 that variety known as L,ady Downes that was attacked, this 

 grape being subject to scalding. It is caused by too late or 

 improper ventilation. As soon as the first berry is detected 

 the house must be freely ventilated. Never allow the tem- 

 perature to get low. For L,ady Downes I advise a night 

 temperature of 70, day 80, until fear of scalding is over. 

 Give a little ventilation day and night. Keep a drier atmos- 

 phere. This will prevent moisture being condensed on the 

 berries. At this season the amount of air must be increased 

 quite early in the morning, before the thermometer reaches 75, 

 and never allow it to run up above 85 even with sun heat, 

 until the atmosphere in the house feels dry. If the vines are 

 in a healthy condition the critical period will be over in 20 days, 

 when all danger of scalding will be past. Varieties most sub- 

 ject to scalding are Lady Downes and Muscat of Alexandria. 



WARTS ON THE LEAVES. 



When warts are noticed on the under sides of the leaves 

 it is evident that the house has been improperly ventilated, 

 for this is caused by a stagnant moisture-laden atmosphere. 

 Many think that warts are quite harmless to the leaves, but 



